Low-Dose Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Treatment Leads to Tumor Growth Arrest and Multi-Lineage Differentiation of Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are rare aggressive undifferentiated tumors primarily affecting the kidney and CNS of infants and young children. MRT are almost exclusively characterized by homozygous deletion or inactivation of the chromatin remodeling gene SMARCB1 SMARCB1 protein loss leads to direct impairment of chromatin remodeling and we have previously reported a role for this protein in histone acetylation. This provided the rationale for investigating the therapeutic potential of histone deactylase inhibitors (HDACi) in MRT.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:

Whereas previously HDACis have been used at doses and schedules that induce cytotoxicity, in the current studies we have tested the hypothesis, both in vitro and in vivo, that sustained treatment of human MRT with low-dose HDACi can lead to sustained cell growth arrest and differentiation.

RESULTS:

Sustained low-dose panobinostat (LBH589) treatment led to changes in cellular morphology associated with a marked increase in the induction of neural, renal, and osteoblast differentiation pathways. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling highlighted differential gene expression supporting multilineage differentiation. Using mouse xenograft models, sustained low-dose LBH589 treatment caused tumor growth arrest associated with tumor calcification detectable by X-ray imaging. Histological analysis of LBH589-treated tumors revealed significant regions of ossification, confirmed by Alizarin Red staining. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased TUJ1 and PAX2 staining suggestive of neuronal and renal differentiation, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Low-dose HDACi treatment can terminally differentiate MRT tumor cells and reduce their ability to self-renew. The use of low-dose HDACi as a novel therapeutic approach warrants further investigation. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3560-70. ©2016 AACR.

• Authors: Andrea Muscat, Dean Popovski, W Samantha N Jayasekara, Fernando J Rossello, Melissa Ferguson, Kieren D Marini, Muhammad Alamgeer, Elizabeth M Algar, Peter Downie, D Neil Watkins, Jason E Cain, David M Ashley
• Journal: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (Clin Cancer Res) Vol. 22 Issue 14 Pg. 3560-70 (07 15 2016) ISSN: 1557-3265 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26920892 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: ©2016 American Association for Cancer Research.

Chemical References

• Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
• Histones
• Hydroxamic Acids
• Indoles
• Panobinostat

Topics

• Acetylation (drug effects)
• Animals
• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Cell Differentiation (drug effects)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Female
• Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (administration & dosage)
• Histones (metabolism)
• Humans
• Hydroxamic Acids (pharmacology)
• Indoles (pharmacology)
• Mice
• Mice, Nude
• Panobinostat
• Rhabdoid Tumor (drug therapy)