Thrombospondin-1 as a Regulator of Corneal Inflammation and Lymphangiogenesis: Effects on Dry Eye Disease and Corneal Graft Immunology.
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| Abstract |
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a matricellular glycoprotein that belongs to a family of evolutionary highly conserved calcium-binding proteins consisting of 5 members (TSP-1-TSP-5). In the eye, TSP-1 is expressed by several ocular cell types and is also detectable in the aqueous humor and the vitreous body. So far, TSP-1 is one of the major activators of TGFβ, suggesting a strong influence on various important cellular functions and interactions such as differentiation, migration, and wound healing. TSP-1 is also a key endogenous inhibitor of hem- and lymphangiogenesis. Several lines of evidence indicate a crucial role of TSP-1 in maintaining the ocular immune and angiogenic privilege, for example, by regulating T lymphocytes and the tolerance-promoting properties of ocular antigen-presenting cells. This review discusses the role of TSP-1 in dry eye disease and corneal graft rejection through its effects on hem- and lymphangiogenesis, as well as on the underlying immune responses. Recent work will be reviewed showing by which molecular mechanism TSP-1 modulates inflammatory processes during ocular diseases. This opens potential new treatment avenues in inflammatory and (lymph)angiogenic ocular diseases.
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| Authors | Laura Schöllhorn, Felix Bock, Claus Cursiefen |
| Journal | Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics (J Ocul Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 31 Issue 7 Pg. 376-85 (Sep 2015) ISSN: 1557-7732 [Electronic] United States |
| PMID | 26154823 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review) |
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