Clinical features and long-term outcome of a group of Japanese children with inflammatory central nervous system disorders and seropositivity to myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 have been extensively analyzed as targets for humoral immune reactions in central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases, and the results indicated a possible role of these antibodies in the pathogenesis of various demyelinating diseases.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the antibody titer levels against myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 in pediatric patients with inflammatory CNS disorders, and to evaluate clinical significance to study anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies.

METHODS:

Sera at onset from patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in 7, optic neuritis (ON) in 5, pediatric MS in 4 and neuromyelitis optica in one were tested for myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 antibodies using cell-based assays with live transfected cells. The duration of the observation periods ranged from 1 to 21 years (median, 10 years). We also described clinical course of patients with positive anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies.

RESULTS:

Among 17 patients diagnosed with inflammatory CNS demyelinating diseases nine (52%) were positive to anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. Of note, all cases with positive anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies showed seronegativity against anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies and had a favorable prognosis.

CONCLUSIONS:

This preliminary report showed that anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies testing at onset could be a useful tool predicting clinical outcome of children with ADEM, ON, and MS.

• Authors: Naomi Hino-Fukuyo, Kazuhiro Haginoya, Ichiro Nakashima, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Tatsuro Misu, Kazuo Fujihara, Mieko Hirose, Yosuke Kakisaka, Mitsugu Uematsu, Tomoko Kobayashi, Shigeo Kure
• Journal: Brain & development (Brain Dev) Vol. 37 Issue 9 Pg. 849-52 (Oct 2015) ISSN: 1872-7131 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 25748628 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2015 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• AQP4 protein, human
• Antibodies
• Aquaporin 4
• Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

Topics

• Adolescent
• Antibodies (immunology)
• Aquaporin 4 (immunology)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated (diagnosis, immunology)
• Female
• Humans
• Infant
• Japan
• Male
• Multiple Sclerosis (diagnosis, immunology)
• Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (immunology)
• Neuromyelitis Optica (diagnosis, immunology)