Although
antihypertensive drugs are known to reduce mortality in individuals with
hypertension, the effects of different cardiovascular
pharmacotherapies on mortality among patients with
hypertension and
atrial fibrillation (AF) have been less thoroughly explored. To study mortality rates in men and women separately with
hypertension and AF prescribed different cardiovascular
pharmacotherapies. A cohort of men (n=2809) and women (n=2793) aged >45 years diagnosed with
hypertension and AF were selected using patient records. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression, with all-cause mortality as the outcome. Analysis was performed on the whole population and after stratification by age and sex. Independent factors were prescribed
pharmacotherapies. Adjustments were made for a propensity score comprising age, comorbidities, education and marital status. The higher the number of
antihypertensive drugs prescribed, the lower the mortality rate (P-value for trend 0.005). Individuals prescribed 4-5
antihypertensive drugs had a lower risk of mortality than those prescribed 0-1 drugs (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.45-0.86). The HRs for the following drug classes were:
loop diuretics 1.39 (95% CI: 1.08-1.78), non-selective β-blockers 0.68 (95% CI: 0.53-0.88),
angiotensin receptor blockers 0.75 (95% CI: 0.56-0.99) and
statins 0.68 (95% CI: 0.53-0.88). AF patients with
hypertension prescribed
statins, non-selective β-blockers and
angiotensin receptor blockers had low relative mortality risks, suggesting that these prescribed
pharmacotherapies were beneficial. This needs to be further explored in other clinical settings.