Computational study on thrombus formation regulated by platelet glycoprotein and blood flow shear.

Abstract

Thrombogenesis results from the interaction between glycoprotein receptors and their ligands, although a thrombus is affected by multiple factors such as blood flow, platelet interactions, and changes in ligand characteristics. In this study, we propose a platelet adhesion and aggregation model, focusing on the interaction between the glycoprotein receptor and its ligand. First, we conducted thrombogenesis simulations to compare physiological and pathological conditions. The results suggested that simulations of thrombogenesis differed in distribution, volume, and stability of the thrombus based on disorders of platelet adhesion, aggregation, and the activation. For example, distribution and volume were affected by the activation of GPIIb/IIIa with a GPIb/IX/V deficiency. The thrombus was also unstable, but formed from the upstream side of the injured site, with a GPIIb/IIIa deficiency. Second, we investigated thrombogenesis enhanced by the shear-induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) mechanism. The results demonstrated that the degree of SIPA decreased gradually with thrombus growth in a straight vessel. This result suggests that SIPA is a key hemostasis mechanism in an injured healthy arteriole, although it can lead to the formation of an occlusive thrombus in stenosed vessels.

• Authors: Hiroki Kamada, Yohsuke Imai, Masanori Nakamura, Takuji Ishikawa, Takami Yamaguchi
• Journal: Microvascular research (Microvasc Res) Vol. 89 Pg. 95-106 (Sep 2013) ISSN: 1095-9319 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 23743249 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Ligands
• Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
• Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins

Topics

• Bernard-Soulier Syndrome (blood)
• Blood Flow Velocity
• Blood Platelets (cytology)
• Computer Simulation
• Constriction, Pathologic
• Hemostasis
• Humans
• Ligands
• Particle Size
• Platelet Adhesiveness
• Platelet Aggregation
• Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex (physiology)
• Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins (metabolism)
• Shear Strength
• Stress, Mechanical
• Thrombosis (metabolism, physiopathology)
• Time Factors