We previously reported that isolated endothelium-removed bovine pulmonary arteries (BPAs) contract to
hypoxia associated with removal of
peroxide- and cGMP-mediated relaxation. In contrast, bovine coronary arteries (BCAs) relax to
hypoxia associated with cytosolic
NADPH oxidation coordinating multiple relaxing mechanisms. Since we recently found that H(2)O(2) relaxes BPAs through PKG activation by both
soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cGMP-dependent and cGMP-independent
thiol oxidation/subunit dimerization mechanisms, we investigated if these mechanisms participate in BPA contraction and BCA relaxation to
hypoxia. The contraction of BPA (precontracted with 20 mM KCl) to
hypoxia was associated with decreased PKG dimerization and PKG-mediated
vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation. In contrast, exposure of 20 mM KCl-precontracted endothelium-removed BCAs to
hypoxia caused relaxation and increased dimerization and VASP phosphorylation. Depletion of sGC by organoid culture of BPAs with an
oxidant of the sGC
heme (10 μM 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) increased aerobic force generation, decreased VASP phosphorylation, and inhibited further contraction to
hypoxia and changes in VASP phosphorylation.
Thiol reduction with
dithiothreitol increased aerobic force in BPAs and decreased PKG dimerization, VASP phosphorylation, and the contraction to
hypoxia. Furthermore, PKG-1α and sGC β(1)-subunit
small interfering RNA-transfected BPAs demonstrated increased aerobic K(+) force and inhibition of further contraction to
hypoxia, associated with an attenuation of H(2)O(2)-elicited relaxation and VASP phosphorylation. Thus, decreases in both a sGC/cGMP-dependent and a dimerization-dependent activation of PKG by H(2)O(2) appear to contribute to the contraction of BPAs elicited by
hypoxia. In addition, stimulation of PKG activation by dimerization may be important in the relaxation of coronary arteries to
hypoxia.