Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for adult Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphocytic leukemia: comparable survival rates but different risk factors between related and unrelated transplantation in first complete remission.

Abstract

To identify factors to improve the outcomes of related and unrelated allogeneic stem cell transplantations (allo-SCT) for Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphocytic leukemia (Ph(-) ALL) in the first complete remission (CR1), we retrospectively analyzed 1139 Ph(-) ALL patients using the registry data, particularly the details of 641 patients transplanted in CR1. Overall survival was significantly superior among patients transplanted in CR1, but no significant difference was observed between related and unrelated allo-SCTs (related vs unrelated: 65% vs 62% at 4 years, respectively; P = .19). Among patients transplanted in CR1, relapse rates were significantly higher in related allo-SCT compared with unrelated allo-SCT, and multivariate analysis demonstrated that less than 6 months from diagnosis to allo-SCT alone was associated with relapse. On the other hand, nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was significantly higher in unrelated allo-SCT compared with related allo-SCT, and multivariate analysis demonstrated that 10 months or longer from diagnosis to allo-SCT, human leukocyte antigen mismatch, and abnormal karyotype were associated with NRM. In conclusion, our study showed comparable survival rates but different relapse rates, NRM rates, and risk factors between related and unrelated allo-SCTs. After a close consideration of these factors, the outcome of allo-SCT for adult Ph(-) ALL in CR1 could be improved.

• Authors: Satoshi Nishiwaki, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Hisashi Sakamaki, Mineo Kurokawa, Hiroatsu Iida, Hiroyasu Ogawa, Takahiro Fukuda, Yukiyasu Ozawa, Naoki Kobayashi, Masanobu Kasai, Takehiko Mori, Koji Iwato, Takashi Yoshida, Makoto Onizuka, Keisei Kawa, Yasuo Morishima, Ritsuro Suzuki, Yoshiko Atsuta, Koichi Miyamura
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 116 Issue 20 Pg. 4368-75 (Nov 18 2010) ISSN: 1528-0020 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20664060 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Cause of Death
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Multivariate Analysis
• Philadelphia Chromosome
• Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma (mortality, therapy)
• Recurrence
• Remission Induction
• Risk Factors
• Stem Cell Transplantation
• Survival Rate
• Tissue Donors
• Transplantation, Homologous
• Young Adult