Postoperative renal dysfunction and preoperative left ventricular dysfunction predispose patients to increased long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Both preoperative left ventricular dysfunction and postoperative renal function deterioration are associated with increased long-term mortality after cardiac surgery. The influence of preoperative left ventricular dysfunction on postoperative renal dysfunction and long-term mortality is not defined.

METHODS:

We collected data from 641 consecutive patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in 1991 at our institution. Prospective follow-up was through to July 2004.

RESULTS:

In-hospital mortality was 2.7% (17 of 641). During follow-up, 248 (40%) patients discharged alive died (5 and 10 yr survival 90% and 70%, respectively). On univariate analysis, preoperative left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <50%) and an increase in serum creatinine > or =25% in the first postoperative week were associated with long-term mortality. The associated mortality risk was additive in predominantly non-overlapping patients groups: the hazard ratio (HR) for renal function deterioration only was 1.41 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95-2.32, P=0.083; n=64] and for left ventricular dysfunction only 1.71 (95% CI 1.26-2.95, P=0.0026; n=73). In patients in whom both were present, HR was 3.23 (95% CI 2.52-20.28, P<0.0001; n=20). Although postoperative renal dysfunction was associated with left ventricular dysfunction (P=0.008), both left ventricular dysfunction and postoperative renal function deterioration were independently associated with long-term mortality on multivariate analysis, as were age and the use of venous conduits.

CONCLUSIONS:

Both postoperative renal function deterioration and preoperative left ventricular dysfunction independently identify largely non-overlapping groups of patients with increased long-term mortality after coronary bypass surgery. In the group of patients with both factors present, the mortality risks appear additive.

• Authors: B G Loef, A H Epema, G Navis, T Ebels, C A Stegeman
• Journal: British journal of anaesthesia (Br J Anaesth) Vol. 102 Issue 6 Pg. 749-55 (Jun 2009) ISSN: 1471-6771 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 19411669 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Creatinine

Topics

• Acute Kidney Injury (etiology, therapy)
• Aged
• Biomarkers (blood)
• Cardiopulmonary Bypass
• Coronary Artery Bypass (adverse effects, mortality)
• Creatinine (blood)
• Epidemiologic Methods
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Postoperative Care (methods)
• Prognosis
• Renal Replacement Therapy
• Ventricular Dysfunction, Left (complications, mortality)