Enhanced disease and pulmonary eosinophilia associated with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccination are linked to G glycoprotein CX3C-CX3CR1 interaction and expression of substance P.

Abstract	Vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (FI-RSV) vaccine or RSV G glycoprotein results in enhanced pulmonary disease after live RSV infection. Enhanced pulmonary disease is characterized by pulmonary eosinophilia and is associated with a substantial inflammatory response. We show that the absence of the G glycoprotein or G glycoprotein CX3C motif during FI-RSV vaccination or RSV challenge of FI-RSV-vaccinated mice, or treatment with anti-substance P or anti-CX3CR1 antibodies, reduces or eliminates enhanced pulmonary disease, modifies T-cell receptor Vbeta usage, and alters CC and CXC chemokine expression. These data suggest that the G glycoprotein, and in particular the G glycoprotein CX3C motif, is key in the enhanced inflammatory response to FI-RSV vaccination, possibly through the induction of substance P.
Authors	Lia M Haynes, Les P Jones, Albert Barskey, Larry J Anderson, Ralph A Tripp
Journal	Journal of virology (J Virol) Vol. 77 Issue 18 Pg. 9831-44 (Sep 2003) ISSN: 0022-538X [Print] United States
PMID	12941892 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1 CX3CR1 protein, human Chemokines Chemokines, CX3C Membrane Proteins RNA, Messenger Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta Receptors, Chemokine Vaccines, Inactivated Viral Proteins Viral Vaccines Formaldehyde Substance P
Topics	Amino Acid Motifs Animals CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (immunology) CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1 Cell Movement Chemokines (genetics) Chemokines, CX3C (metabolism) Female Formaldehyde Membrane Proteins Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Pulmonary Eosinophilia (etiology) RNA, Messenger (analysis) Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta (physiology) Receptors, Chemokine (metabolism) Respiratory Syncytial Viruses (immunology) Substance P (biosynthesis) Vaccination (adverse effects) Vaccines, Inactivated (toxicity) Viral Proteins (chemistry, physiology) Viral Vaccines (toxicity)

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