Abstract | PURPOSE: Due to the existence of bioactive compounds with different biological activity in the genus Clinopodium; C. umbrosum was selected to evaluate its cell toxicity. METHODS: C. umbrosum aerial parts were solvent extracted and extracts were fractionated via various chromatographic techniques, so as to obtain two pure saponins, buddlejasaponin IVa and buddlejasaponin IV. The cytotoxicity activity of the extracts and the two pure compounds on oral cancer cells (HN-5) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) method. To evaluate the effect on apoptosis induction, HN-5 cells were treated for 24 h and studied by FITC Annexin V/PI staining using flow cytometry. Subsequently, the apoptosis pathway was studied through real-time RT PCR. Besides, the scratch test was performed to study the cell migration. RESULTS: CONCLUSION: C. umbrosum possessed significant cytotoxicity on HN-5 cells and the mechanism of cytotoxicity for its two major compounds, buddlejasaponin IVa and buddlejasaponin IV, was identified as the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis reducing the invasive potential of HN-5 cells.
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Authors | Simin Sharifi, Negar Naseri, Fatemeh Fathiazad, Solmaz Asnaashari, Sanaz Hamedeyazdan |
Journal | Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology
(Toxicon)
Vol. 220
Pg. 106939
(Dec 2022)
ISSN: 1879-3150 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 36209770
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- buddlejasaponin
- buddlejasaponin IV
- Saponins
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Plant Extracts
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Topics |
- Humans
- Endothelial Cells
- Saponins
(pharmacology, analysis)
- Lamiaceae
(chemistry)
- Apoptosis
- Mouth Neoplasms
(drug therapy)
- Antineoplastic Agents
(pharmacology)
- Plant Extracts
(pharmacology, chemistry)
- Cell Line, Tumor
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