Mogroside V is a bioactive ingredient extracted from the natural food Siraitia grosvenorii which possesses functions that stimulate lung humidification and
cough relief activities, but its underlying mechanisms were rarely studied. To estimate its potential protective effect on
ovalbumin (OVA)-induced
pulmonary inflammation and understand its system-wide mechanism, integrated omics was applied in this study.
Mogroside V effectively reduced the levels of
IgE, TNF-α, and
IL-5 in OVA-induced mice. The results of
RNA-seq and data-independent acquisition proteomics approach revealed that 944 genes and 341
proteins were differentially expressed in the normal control group (NC) and
ovalbumin-induced control group (OC) and 449 genes and 259
proteins were differentially expressed between the OC and the group treated with 50 mg/kg
mogroside V (MV). After a combined analysis of the transcriptome and the
proteome, 93 major pathways were screened, and we discovered that
mogroside V exerts an anti-
inflammation effect in the lung via NF-κB and JAK-STAT, both of which are among the signaling pathways mentioned above. In addition, we found that the key regulatory molecules (Igha, Ighg1, NF-κB, Jak1, and Stat1) in the two pathways were activated in
inflammation and inhibited by
mogroside V. Thus,
mogroside V may be the main bioactivity component in S. grosvenorii that exerts lung humidification and
cough relief effects.