Pneumonia (Pneumonitis)

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17822 relevant articles (1211 outcomes, 1730 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: Inflammation of any part, segment or lobe, of the lung parenchyma.

Also Known As:

Pneumonitis; Lobar Pneumonia; Experimental Lung Inflammations; Inflammation, Experimental Lung; Inflammation, Lung; Inflammation, Pulmonary; Inflammations, Lung; Inflammations, Pulmonary; Lung Inflammation, Experimental; Lung Inflammations; Lung Inflammations, Experimental; Pneumonias; Pneumonitides; Pulmonary Inflammations; Experimental Lung Inflammation; Lung Inflammation; Pneumonia, Lobar; Pulmonary Inflammation

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Respiratory Tract Diseases: 377

Lung Diseases: 8927

Pneumonia: 17822

Pneumocystis Pneumonia: 1768

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: 1090

Bacterial Pneumonia: 575

Aspiration Pneumonia: 516

Bronchopneumonia: 501

Pleuropneumonia: 206

Viral Pneumonia: 118

Respiratory Tract Infections: 5589

Pneumonia: 17822

Pneumocystis Pneumonia: 1768

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: 1090

Bacterial Pneumonia: 575

Aspiration Pneumonia: 516

Bronchopneumonia: 501

Pleuropneumonia: 206

Viral Pneumonia: 118

Related Diseases

1.	Infection
2.	Sepsis (Septicemia)
3.	Chronic Bronchitis
4.	Urinary Tract Infections (Urinary Tract Infection)
5.	Human Influenza (Influenza)

Experts

1.	van der Poll, Tom: 24 articles (07/2008 - 01/2002)
2.	Florquin, Sandrine: 19 articles (03/2008 - 01/2002)
3.	Kohno, Shigeru: 13 articles (06/2008 - 07/2002)
4.	Torres, A: 12 articles (10/2008 - 12/2000)
5.	Marrie, Thomas J: 10 articles (09/2008 - 02/2002)
6.	Niederman, Michael S: 10 articles (04/2008 - 02/2003)
7.	Wunderink, Richard G: 10 articles (12/2007 - 03/2002)
8.	Cooke, Kenneth R: 9 articles (10/2008 - 01/2002)
9.	Castranova, Vincent: 9 articles (01/2007 - 01/2002)
10.	Yanagihara, Katsunori: 8 articles (06/2008 - 06/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pneumonia:

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 10/01/2005 - "Beta-lactam and macrolide antibiotics are considered safe in pregnancy and are effective for most community-acquired pneumonia in pregnancy. " 02/01/2003 - "It is now commonly accepted that the incidence of pneumonia is reduced,however, the concept of using topical antibiotics has its inherent limitations and the best results have been obtained by combination with a short course of intravenous antibiotics. " 04/01/2000 - "Most reports found a significant reduction in pneumonitis when patients received prolonged prophylactic antibiotics. " 02/01/1986 - "Interstitial electrophoresis of antibiotics included in the complex of curative measures was shown to be highly effective for the treatment of chronic pneumonia. " 09/01/2001 - "Although the advent of broad-spectrum antibiotics has markedly improved the maternal outcomes of pneumonia complicating pregnancy, pneumonia remains a significant condition that may complicate pregnancy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Penicillins (Penicillin)FDA Link 08/01/2008 - "Macrolide monotherapy is currently recommended as first-line treatment of mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in penicillin-intolerant/allergic individuals in the UK. " 04/01/1997 - "Efficacy of the penicillins and 1st and 2nd generation cephem was satisfactory except in only one case of pneumonia with PISP which needed an alternative choice to the 3rd generation cephem. " 03/01/2002 - "The results of several studies suggest that penicillins remain effective for streptococcal pneumonia when the infecting pathogen has a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) </=2 microgram/mL, presumably because the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters associated with current dosing regimens are still sufficient. " 07/01/1980 - "The pneumonia was cured with 12 weeks of penicillin treatment." 05/01/1977 - "Patients with pneumonia responded well to small doses of parenteral penicillin. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Erythromycin (Erycette)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1993 - "On the basis of these data, a rational initial therapeutic approach to community-acquired pneumonia, as well as to nosocomial pneumonia in certain circumstances, has to include an antimicrobial agent that is clinically effective against Legionella spp. Clinical studies have provided evidence that erythromycin is the first-line treatment. " 12/01/1997 - "Erythromycin therapy was effective against the pneumonia. " 06/01/1991 - "pneumoniae pneumonia relative to the efficacy of erythromycin." 01/01/2006 - "Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin after its intravenous and cell-associated administration in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and the clinical efficacy of the method were evaluated. " 05/01/1990 - "[Bacteremic pneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae cured with oral erythromycin]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Ofloxacin (Levofloxacin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1992 - "Intravenous followed by oral ofloxacin was highly effective in many difficult cases of pneumonia." 09/01/2002 - "We conclude that levofloxacin is effective against experimental pneumonia due to pneumococci with MIC < 1.5 mg/L, ineffective on experimental pneumonia due to pneumococci with MIC > or = 2 mg/L, and could be associated with the appearance of mutants when a parC mutation is pre-existing." 07/01/1998 - "In experimental pneumonia in guinea pigs, in which the biofilm mode of growth of the strain was observed in the lung, only levofloxacin exhibited substantial therapeutic efficacy. " 05/01/1996 - "When given as monotherapy for the empiric treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, ofloxacin is as effective as standard antimicrobial therapy." 01/01/1992 - "Conversely, ofloxacin was equally effective in cases in whom previous therapy failed and in cases of nosocomial pneumonia, multilobar pneumonia, and/or pneumonia due to S. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Amoxicillin (Wymox)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2007 - "CONCLUSION: Oral amoxicillin is effective for most children admitted to hospital with pneumonia (all but those with the most severe disease who were excluded from this study). " 08/15/2004 - "Oral amoxicillin, if equally effective for treating severe pneumonia, would address challenges associated with providing parenteral therapy, including risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens from contaminated needles, exposure to nosocomial pathogens during hospitalization, inadequate access to health care facilities, and cost. " 09/14/2002 - "Clinical efficacy of 3 days versus 5 days of oral amoxicillin for treatment of childhood pneumonia: a multicentre double-blind trial." 04/01/2007 - "INTRODUCTION: WHO pneumonia case management guidelines recommend oral amoxicillin as first line treatment for non-severe pneumonia. " 12/01/2006 - "CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of clinical parameters at presentation and after 24 hours improved the ability to predict clinical failure of oral amoxicillin therapy, compared with assessment at presentation alone or at presentation and after only 12 hours, for children with World Health Organization-defined severe pneumonia." Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Clarithromycin (Biaxin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2003 - "Clarithromycin, a macrolide with immunomodulatory effect, was included in the antibiotic regimen of the progressive pneumonia, followed by rapid amelioration and remission of clinical and laboratory findings. " 02/01/1991 - "Efficacy was comparable between treatment groups: 26 of 34 patients (76%) treated with clarithromycin were clinically cured, including four with atypical pneumonia. " 05/01/2004 - "Using an immunocompromised murine pneumonia model, this study evaluated in vivo efficacy of human simulated exposures of clarithromycin for 62 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae considered resistant by current methods of breakpoint determinations. " 12/01/1991 - "In this study the safety and efficacy of orally administered clarithromycin (500 to 1,000 mg bid) in the treatment of Legionella pneumonia were evaluated. " 12/01/2003 - "[Clinical efficacy of oral clarithromycin monotherapy in patients with mild or moderate community-acquired pneumonia]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Ceftriaxone (Ceftriaxon)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1991 - "One gram once daily of ceftriaxone is as effective as 2 gm for the common causative organisms of community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonias. " 07/01/1994 - "The effect of cytostatic treatment on the cellular defence and the efficacy of treatment with ceftriaxone in Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia was studied. " 07/01/2008 - "Ceftriaxone injection was used in 87% and 77% of the encounters in ARI/pneumonia in Companygonj and Sonaimuri UHCs respectively. " 08/01/2005 - "OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of implementing an inpatient management and discharge strategy based on empiric antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxone sodium and a guideline to promote timely discharge for clinically stable patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. " 03/01/2000 - "PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty patients admitted due to community acquired pneumonia, initially treated with ceftriaxone 1 g/day i.v. and that showed clinical improvement after three days of therapy, were studied. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2003 - "We report here two cases of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia that were markedly improved by parenteral ciprofloxacin administration. " 10/01/2002 - "BACKGROUND: Controlled clinical trials have shown efficacy of high-dose ciprofloxacin for hospital-acquired (HAP) or nosocomial pneumonia. " 08/01/2002 - "In the present study the therapeutic efficacy of pegylated liposomal ciprofloxacin was investigated in two rat models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. " 01/01/1991 - "Ciprofloxacin is effective in pneumonia but should be used only in cases where Streptococcus pneumoniae can be excluded as the causative agent." 08/01/1986 - "The therapeutic efficacy of ciprofloxacin in experimental guinea pig pneumonia due to L. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Ceftazidime (Fortum)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1985 - "An experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in rats was used to study the influence of continuous or of intermittent (8-hr intervals) administration of ceftazidime on therapeutic efficacy. " 06/01/2000 - "Both intermittent and continuous ceftazidime regimens were equally effective for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by less virulent bacteria." 08/01/1985 - "Therapeutic efficacy of continuous versus intermittent administration of ceftazidime in an experimental Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in rats." 02/01/2009 - "[Study on the blood concentration and clinical efficacy of ceftazidime, a cephem antibiotic at dose of one gram q.i.d, for adult hospital-acquired pneumonia patients]" 06/01/2001 - "A prospective, randomized pilot study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of continuous versus intermittent ceftazidime in ICU patients with nosocomial pneumonia. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination (Co-Trimoxazole)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2006 - "Cotrimoxazole is cheap and effective against a wide range of organisms, including Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP), which is an important cause of death and illness in the first year of life. " 11/21/2001 - "Chemotherapeutic prophylaxis is very effective in preventing P carinii pneumonia; the combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole remains the first-line agent for both therapy and prophylaxis. " 01/01/1984 - "Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole is very effective in the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. " 09/01/1979 - "Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been proven effective in the treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in lower animals and humans. " 01/01/2005 - "CONCLUSION: Both standard and double strength cotrimoxazole were equally effective in treating non-severe pneumonia. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 02/01/1988 - "Fifteen of the patients who achieved a complete remission had at least one episode of fungal pneumonia; 12 received further chemotherapy, and nine (75 percent) of these had a subsequent fungal pneumonia. " 01/01/1987 - "Four of the children achieved a complete second remission after one course of chemotherapy, and the fifth child died of pneumonia during bone marrow aplasia. " 11/01/2003 - "BACKGROUND: Large outbreaks of Legionella pneumonia are rare, but when they occur provide an opportunity to assess predictors of mortality and efficacy of drug therapy. " 09/01/1992 - "To investigate the relationship of efficacy of chemotherapy to host defense, we reviewed the clinical features, treatment and outcome in 648 patients with acute pneumonia (424 males and 224 females; mean age, 65 years) treated between 1984 and 1989. " 11/01/1979 - "Improvement in the patient's nutritional status was followed by clearing of the pneumonia without the need for antifungal chemotherapy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 01/01/2006 - "There was a significant reduction in the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia (pooled odds ratio (OR) 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.28 to 0.53), but no reduction in mortality (pooled OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.66 to 1.14), duration of mechanical ventilation (pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.14 days, 95%CI, -0.29 to 0.02), duration of intensive care unit stay (pooled SMD -0.064 days, 95% CI, -0.21 to 0.086) or duration of hospital stay (pooled SMD 0.05 days, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.27). " 05/01/2005 - "Histologic examination showed increased recruitment of the dependent lung in groups 3 and 4, with significantly greater lung expansion index, than groups 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: PLV, with a single dose of higher viscosity and lower vapor pressure PFC, resulted in significantly improved gas exchange and lung mechanics with significant reduction in lung inflammation compared with conventional mechanical ventilation alone and PLV with lower viscosity and higher vapor pressure liquid. " 07/01/2004 - "CONCLUSIONS: Notable results were the greater requirement for mechanical ventilation in Legionella pneumonia and the good results obtained by home-based hospital care within current health care management." 08/01/2008 - "CONCLUSION: Systolic BP is superior to other haemodynamic predictors of 30 day mortality and need for mechanical ventilation and/or inotropic support in community acquired pneumonia. " 01/01/2004 - "These results suggest that PTXF may be effective in modulating lung inflammation associated with mechanical ventilation in neonates." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Transplants (Transplant) 09/01/1994 - "Two patients did not achieve complete remission (CR) and died of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis 3 months post-transplant. " 10/01/1992 - "This result confirms that such combination therapy is effective in the treatment of CMV pneumonitis in a patient with a bone marrow transplant." 06/01/1994 - "Recent developments in antiviral therapy for cytomegalovirus pneumonia offer hope that the dismal prognosis of cytomegalovirus pneumonia in transplant patients can be improved. " 04/01/2008 - "OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of bacterial and fungal pneumonia in lung transplant (LT) recipients and to assess donor-to-host transmission of these microorganisms. " 08/01/2007 - "The aim of the present study is to evaluate the epidemiology, etiology and prognosis of pneumonia in lung transplant (LT) recipients. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Home Nursing (Nursing, Home) 12/01/1998 - "Nursing home residents with pneumonia, even those who are most acutely ill, can be treated successfully with intravenous therapy in the nursing home; their 30-day mortality was no different than that of those with the same acute severity of illness who were admitted to a hospital for treatment." 11/01/2002 - "Pneumonia is believed to be a serious threat to nursing home residents; PPV is thought to be important, effective, cost-effective, and safe for use in nursing homes. " 02/01/1985 - "Some elderly patients with pneumonia can be effectively treated in the nursing home. " 11/01/2006 - "A multifaceted intervention to implement guidelines improved treatment of nursing home-acquired pneumonia in a state veterans home." 10/01/2004 - "CONCLUSION: Use of a multidisciplinary, multifaceted intervention resulted in improvement in quality of care for nursing home residents who become ill with pneumonia." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Mechanical Ventilators (Ventilator) 02/01/2006 - "This is being caused by a decline in ventilator associated pneumonias, most likely because non-invasive ventilation allows patients to clear their secretions by coughing, resulting in improved lung clearance. " 06/01/2000 - "The rapid institution of appropriate antimicrobial therapy has been shown to improve mortality in patients with ventilator associated nosocomial pneumonia. " 02/01/2002 - "Several new drugs for the treatment of ventilator-assisted pneumonia caused by Gram-positive multiresistant pathogens have been evaluated with promising results." 12/01/2007 - "Additional benefits may include a decreased rate of ventilator associated with pneumonia and improved growth." 03/01/2000 - "As his pneumonia improved on the 10th hospital day, we started weaning him from the ventilator. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

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