Fasting Plasma GLP-1 Is Associated With Overweight/Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

The importance of fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in altered metabolic outcomes has been questioned.

OBJECTIVE:

This work aimed to assess whether fasting GLP-1 differs in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity compared to a population-based reference, and whether concentrations predict cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors.

METHODS:

Analyses were based on The Danish Childhood Obesity Data- and Biobank, a cross-sectional study including children and adolescents, aged 6 to 19 years, from an obesity clinic group (n = 1978) and from a population-based group (n = 2334). Fasting concentrations of plasma total GLP-1 and quantitative CMR factors were assessed. The effects of GLP-1 as a predictor of CMR risk outcomes were examined by multiple linear and logistic regression modeling.

RESULTS:

The obesity clinic group had higher fasting GLP-1 concentrations (median 3.3 pmol/L; interquartile range, 2.3-4.3 pmol/L) than the population-based group (2.8 pmol/L; interquartile range, 2.1-3.8 pmol/L; P < 2.2E-16). Body mass index SD score (SDS), waist circumference, and total body fat percentage were significant predictors of fasting GLP-1 concentrations in boys and girls. Fasting GLP-1 concentrations were positively associated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting values of insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, C-peptide, triglycerides, alanine transaminase (ALT), glycated hemoglobin A1c, and SDS of diastolic and systolic blood pressure. A 1-SD increase in fasting GLP-1 was associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance (odds ratio [OR] 1.59), dyslipidemia (OR 1.16), increased ALT (OR 1.14), hyperglycemia (OR 1.12) and hypertension (OR 1.12).

CONCLUSION:

Overweight/obesity in children and adolescents is associated with increased fasting plasma total GLP-1 concentrations, which was predictive of higher CMR factors.

• Authors: Sara E Stinson, Anna E Jonsson, Morten A V Lund, Christine Frithioff-Bøjsøe, Louise Aas Holm, Oluf Pedersen, Lars Ängquist, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Jens J Holst, Michael Christiansen, Jens-Christian Holm, Bolette Hartmann, Torben Hansen
• Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 106 Issue 6 Pg. 1718-1727 (05 13 2021) ISSN: 1945-7197 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 33596309 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.

Chemical References

• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

Topics

• Adolescent
• Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
• Child
• Cohort Studies
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Denmark (epidemiology)
• Fasting (blood)
• Female
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (blood)
• Humans
• Male
• Overweight (blood, complications, epidemiology)
• Pediatric Obesity (blood, complications, epidemiology)
• Risk Factors
• Young Adult