A Case Illustrating the Practical Application of the AAOS Clinical Practice Guideline: Diagnosis and Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

Abstract	The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Clinical Practice Guideline "Diagnosis and Prevention of Periprosthetic Joint Infections (PJI)" is a summary of the available literature designed to help guide surgeons and other qualified physicians in the management of PJI. Obesity and intra-articular joint injections are associated with an increased risk of PJI according to this Clinical Practice Guideline. Serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and/or interleukin-6 should be obtained when diagnosing PJI. Synovial fluid leukocyte count, neutrophil percentage, aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures, leukocyte esterase, alpha-defensin, C-reactive protein, and nucleic acid amplification testing may assist with the diagnosis of PJI. Antibiotics should be held for 2 weeks before obtaining samples. Intraoperatively, Gram stains do not help with PJI diagnosis, whereas histopathology samples are helpful. These guidelines may help clinicians with the prevention and diagnosis of PJI.
Authors	Antonia F Chen, Stefan Riedel
Journal	The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (J Am Acad Orthop Surg) Vol. 28 Issue 24 Pg. e1081-e1085 (Dec 15 2020) ISSN: 1940-5480 [Electronic] United States
PMID	32991385 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)
Chemical References	Anti-Bacterial Agents Biomarkers Ciprofloxacin Ceftazidime
Topics	Aged Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage) Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee (adverse effects) Biomarkers (blood) Ceftazidime (administration & dosage) Ciprofloxacin (administration & dosage) Clinical Laboratory Techniques Humans Injections, Intra-Articular (adverse effects) Knee Joint Male Obesity Orthopedic Procedures (methods) Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Postoperative Care Practice Guidelines as Topic Prosthesis-Related Infections (diagnosis, etiology, prevention & control, therapy) Risk Factors Treatment Outcome

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