Abstract | BACKGROUND: Observational studies suggest vitamin D and marine ω-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplements are associated with lower systemic inflammation. However, past trials have been inconsistent. METHODS: RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were well balanced. In the active arms, 25-OH vitamin D rose 39% and n-3 FA rose 55% vs minimal change in placebo arms. Neither supplement reduced biomarkers at 1 year. Vitamin D resulted in 8.2% higher IL-6 (95% CI, 1.5%-15.3%; adjusted P = 0.02), but TNFR2 and hsCRP did not. Among 784 receiving vitamin D, hsCRP increased 35.7% (7.8%-70.9%) in those with low (<20 ng/mL) but not with higher baseline serum 25( OH) vitamin D [0.45% (-8.9% to 10.8%); P interaction = 0.02]. Among 777 randomized to n-3 FA, hsCRP declined [-10.5% (-20.4% to 0.8%)] in those with baseline low (<1.5 servings/week), but not with higher fish intake [6.4% (95% CI, -7.11% to 21.8%); P interaction = 0.06]. CONCLUSIONS: In this large sample from a population-based randomized controlled trial, neither vitamin D nor n-3 FA supplementation over 1 year decreased these biomarkers of inflammation. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: NCT01169259; NCT01351805.
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Authors | Karen H Costenbader, Lindsey A MacFarlane, I-Min Lee, Julie E Buring, Samia Mora, Vadim Bubes, Gregory Kotler, Carlos A Camargo Jr, JoAnn E Manson, Nancy R Cook |
Journal | Clinical chemistry
(Clin Chem)
Vol. 65
Issue 12
Pg. 1508-1521
(12 2019)
ISSN: 1530-8561 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 31699704
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
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Copyright | © 2019 American Association for Clinical Chemistry. |
Chemical References |
- Biomarkers
- Fatty Acids, Omega-6
- Interleukin-6
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II
- Vitamin D
- C-Reactive Protein
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Topics |
- Aged
- Biomarkers
(blood)
- C-Reactive Protein
(analysis, metabolism)
- Dietary Supplements
- Double-Blind Method
- Fatty Acids, Omega-6
(blood, metabolism, pharmacology)
- Female
- Humans
- Inflammation
(drug therapy)
- Interleukin-6
(analysis, blood)
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II
(analysis, blood)
- United States
- Vitamin D
(blood, metabolism, pharmacology)
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