Dysregulated Microbial Fermentation of Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Liver Cancer.
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| Abstract |
Dietary soluble fibers are fermented by gut bacteria into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which are considered broadly health-promoting. Accordingly, consumption of such fibers ameliorates metabolic syndrome. However, incorporating soluble fiber inulin, but not insoluble fiber, into a compositionally defined diet, induced icteric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Such HCC was microbiota-dependent and observed in multiple strains of dysbiotic mice but not in germ-free nor antibiotics-treated mice. Furthermore, consumption of an inulin-enriched high-fat diet induced both dysbiosis and HCC in wild-type (WT) mice. Inulin-induced HCC progressed via early onset of cholestasis, hepatocyte death, followed by neutrophilic inflammation in liver. Pharmacologic inhibition of fermentation or depletion of fermenting bacteria markedly reduced intestinal SCFA and prevented HCC. Intervening with cholestyramine to prevent reabsorption of bile acids also conferred protection against such HCC. Thus, its benefits notwithstanding, enrichment of foods with fermentable fiber should be approached with great caution as it may increase risk of HCC.
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| Authors | Vishal Singh, Beng San Yeoh, Benoit Chassaing, Xia Xiao, Piu Saha, Rodrigo Aguilera Olvera, John D Lapek Jr, Limin Zhang, Wei-Bei Wang, Sijie Hao, Michael D Flythe, David J Gonzalez, Patrice D Cani, Jose R Conejo-Garcia, Na Xiong, Mary J Kennett, Bina Joe, Andrew D Patterson, Andrew T Gewirtz, Matam Vijay-Kumar |
| Journal | Cell (Cell) Vol. 175 Issue 3 Pg. 679-694.e22 (10 18 2018) ISSN: 1097-4172 [Electronic] United States |
| PMID | 30340040 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't) |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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