Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorates insulin resistance through the regulation of mitochondrial function.

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Allylisothiocyanate (AITC) is found in many cruciferous vegetables and has been reported to possess anticancer activity. However, the effect of AITC on insulin resistance and mitochondrial function has not yet been investigated. Here, we show that AITC increased glucose uptake in insulin-resistant C2C12 myotubes and augmented glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation in L6-GLUT4myc cells. AITC recovered the impaired insulin signaling evoked by free fatty acid exposure and increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial DNA content. AITC also elevated the rate of oxygen consumption in C2C12 cells. Furthermore, mice that were fed a high-fat diet with AITC for 10 weeks had reduced diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis. AITC also inhibited the hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicated that AITC improved both glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. In addition, AITC inhibited hepatic gluconeogenesis and ameliorated high fat diet-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, these data suggest that the protective effect of AITC on insulin resistance is partly mediated through the modulation of mitochondrial dysfunction.

• Authors: Jiyun Ahn, Hyunjung Lee, Sung Won Im, Chang Hwa Jung, Tae Youl Ha
• Journal: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry (J Nutr Biochem) Vol. 25 Issue 10 Pg. 1026-34 (Oct 2014) ISSN: 1873-4847 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25034503 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• DNA, Mitochondrial
• Fatty Acids
• Glucose Transporter Type 4
• Isothiocyanates
• Slc2a4 protein, mouse
• Triglycerides
• Cholesterol
• allyl isothiocyanate

Topics

• Animals
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Cell Line
• Cholesterol (blood)
• DNA, Mitochondrial (genetics, metabolism)
• Diet, High-Fat (adverse effects)
• Fatty Acids (blood)
• Fatty Liver (drug therapy)
• Gluconeogenesis (drug effects)
• Glucose Transporter Type 4 (genetics, metabolism)
• Hyperglycemia (drug therapy)
• Hyperinsulinism (drug therapy)
• Insulin Resistance
• Isothiocyanates (pharmacology)
• Liver (drug effects, metabolism)
• Male
• Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial (drug effects)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mitochondria (drug effects, metabolism)
• Muscle Fibers, Skeletal (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
• Muscle, Skeletal (cytology, drug effects, metabolism)
• Obesity (drug therapy)
• Triglycerides (blood)