Abstract |
The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions. There are two forms of diabetes: type 1 diabetes mellitus is due to auto-immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells resulting in absolute insulin deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus is due to reduced insulin secretion and or insulin resistance. Both forms of diabetes are characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, leading to the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( DPN) and microvascular pathology. DPN is characterized by enhanced or reduced thermal, chemical, and mechanical pain sensitivities. In the long-term, DPN results in peripheral nerve damage and accounts for a substantial number of non-traumatic lower-limb amputations. This review will address the mechanisms, especially the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the development and progression of DPN.
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Authors | Louis S Premkumar, Reddy M Pabbidi |
Journal | Cell biochemistry and biophysics
(Cell Biochem Biophys)
Vol. 67
Issue 2
Pg. 373-83
(Nov 2013)
ISSN: 1559-0283 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 23722999
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Review)
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Chemical References |
- Reactive Nitrogen Species
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Topics |
- Animals
- Diabetic Neuropathies
(complications, metabolism, physiopathology)
- Humans
- Hyperglycemia
(complications)
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
(metabolism)
- Reactive Nitrogen Species
(metabolism)
- Reactive Oxygen Species
(metabolism)
- Sensory Receptor Cells
(physiology)
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