Variations in circulating inflammatory factors are related to changes in calorie and carbohydrate intakes early in the course of surgery-induced weight reduction.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Obesity is considered a low-grade inflammatory state that improves with weight loss. In addition to acute-phase proteins, other cytokines might contribute to systemic inflammation.

OBJECTIVE:

Our objective was to compare serum concentrations of a large panel of inflammation-related factors in obese and normal-weight subjects and to determine kinetic changes induced by caloric restriction.

DESIGN:

The cohort comprised 14 normal-weight women and 51 obese women who were followed over 2 y after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Multiplexed proteomics were used to simultaneously assay 27 cytokines and growth factors in serum.

RESULTS:

Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-9, IL-1-receptor antagonist, IL-10, interferon-γ-inducible protein 10, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, IL-8, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), monokine induced by interferon-γ, and vascular endothelial growth factor were found to be elevated in obesity. IL-10 was further elevated in diabetic obese patients, whereas eotaxin was found to be higher only in diabetic subjects. After surgery, many factors showed a biphasic pattern of variation, decreasing sharply at month 3 before rising back to presurgical values at month 6; these changes closely tracked similar kinetic changes in calorie and carbohydrate intake. After 1 y, an overall reduction in cytokines accompanied the reduction in body mass index and an amelioration in metabolic status.

CONCLUSIONS:

Obesity is associated with elevated circulating concentrations of a large panel of cytokines. Coordinated kinetic changes during weight loss suggest an early influence of calorie and carbohydrate intakes, whereas a longer-term reduction in corpulence might prevail in regulating circulating cytokine concentrations. This trial is registered at clincaltrials.gov as NCT00476658.

• Authors: Elise Dalmas, Christine Rouault, Meriem Abdennour, Carole Rovere, Salwa Rizkalla, Avner Bar-Hen, Jean-Louis Nahon, Jean-Luc Bouillot, Michèle Guerre-Millo, Karine Clément, Christine Poitou
• Journal: The American journal of clinical nutrition (Am J Clin Nutr) Vol. 94 Issue 2 Pg. 450-8 (Aug 2011) ISSN: 1938-3207 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 21677057 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cytokines
• Dietary Carbohydrates

Topics

• Adult
• Cytokines (blood)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (immunology)
• Dietary Carbohydrates (administration & dosage)
• Energy Intake
• Female
• Gastric Bypass
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Obesity (immunology, surgery)
• Surgical Procedures, Operative
• Weight Loss