Migraine headache in patients with Tourette syndrome.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Tourette syndrome (TS) is recognized as one of the most common childhood movement disorders, characterized by motor and phonic tics often associated with neurobehavioral comorbidities, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neurotransmitter dysregulation, particularly involving the serotonin system, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of TS, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and migraine headache.

OBJECTIVES:

To investigate the possible association between migraine headache and TS and to report preliminary findings of family history of migraine headache in patients with TS.

METHODS:

Subjects diagnosed as having TS at the Baylor College of Medicine Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic were administered a migraine headache questionnaire based on the migraine criteria established by the Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society.

RESULTS:

Of 100 patients with TS, 25 (25.0%) satisfied the diagnostic criteria for migraine headache, significantly greater than the estimated 10% to 13% in the general adult population (P<.001) and the estimated 2% to 10% in the general pediatric population (P<.04). There was no significant (P =.44) difference in the presence of comorbid obsessive-compulsive traits in the TS migraine and TS nonmigraine sample groups. Furthermore, our TS group with migraines was not more likely to have features of obsessive-compulsive disorder compared with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Of patients with TS, 56.0% reported a family history of migraines, 44.0% of whom were first-degree relatives.

CONCLUSIONS:

The frequency of migraine headache in a clinic sample of TS subjects was nearly 4-fold more than the frequency of migraines reported in the general population. Contrary to previous reports, the co-occurrence of migraines and TS in our sample group may possibly be attributed to another TS comorbidity, other than obsessive-compulsive traits.

• Authors: Carolyn Kwak, Kevin Dat Vuong, Joseph Jankovic
• Journal: Archives of neurology (Arch Neurol) Vol. 60 Issue 11 Pg. 1595-8 (Nov 2003) ISSN: 0003-9942 [Print] United States
• PMID: 14623732 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Child
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Migraine Disorders (complications, epidemiology)
• Prevalence
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Tourette Syndrome (complications)