Single-Domain Antibodies

An immunoglobulin fragment composed of one variable domain from an IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN or IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN.

Also Known As:

Immunoglobulin VH Domain Fragments; Immunoglobulin VL Domain Fragments; Nanobodies; VH Domain Fragments; VHH Fragments; VHH Immunoglobulin Fragments; VL Domain Fragments; VNAR Fragments; VNAR Immunoglobulin Fragments; Antibody, Single-Domain; Antibody, VHH; Single Domain Antibody; Single-Domain Antibody; VHH Antibodies; VHH Antibody

Networked: 610 relevant articles (42 outcomes, 58 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: 1
- Proteins: 484843
  - Blood Proteins: 12459
    - Serum Globulins: 553
      - Immunoglobulins: 30480
        Immunoglobulin Fragments: 976
        Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments: 769
        Immunoglobulin Variable Region: 208
        Single-Domain Antibodies: 610
        caplacizumab: 135
        gontivimab: 5
        sonelokimab: 4
        ALX-0061: 1
        biparatopic neutralizing nanobody NM1267: 1
        DMS5540: 1
        99m Tc-D10 nonobody
        aRBD-2-5
        aRBD-2-7
        Lama glama PTH22 protein
        SARS VHH-72
    - Immunoproteins: 43
      - Immunoglobulins: 30480
        Immunoglobulin Fragments: 976
        Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments: 769
        Immunoglobulin Variable Region: 208
        Single-Domain Antibodies: 610
        caplacizumab: 135
        gontivimab: 5
        sonelokimab: 4
        ALX-0061: 1
        biparatopic neutralizing nanobody NM1267: 1
        DMS5540: 1
        99m Tc-D10 nonobody
        aRBD-2-5
        aRBD-2-7
        Lama glama PTH22 protein
        SARS VHH-72
  - Globulins: 3062
    - Serum Globulins: 553
      - Immunoglobulins: 30480
        Immunoglobulin Fragments: 976
        Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments: 769
        Immunoglobulin Variable Region: 208
        Single-Domain Antibodies: 610
        caplacizumab: 135
        gontivimab: 5
        sonelokimab: 4
        ALX-0061: 1
        biparatopic neutralizing nanobody NM1267: 1
        DMS5540: 1
        99m Tc-D10 nonobody
        aRBD-2-5
        aRBD-2-7
        Lama glama PTH22 protein
        SARS VHH-72
- Peptides: 82426
  - Peptide Fragments: 373
    - Immunoglobulin Fragments: 976
      - Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments: 769
        Immunoglobulin Variable Region: 208
        Single-Domain Antibodies: 610
        caplacizumab: 135
        gontivimab: 5
        sonelokimab: 4
        ALX-0061: 1
        biparatopic neutralizing nanobody NM1267: 1
        DMS5540: 1
        99m Tc-D10 nonobody
        aRBD-2-5
        aRBD-2-7
        Lama glama PTH22 protein
        SARS VHH-72

Experts

1.	Muyldermans, Serge: 41 articles (07/2022 - 03/2002)
2.	Devoogdt, Nick: 41 articles (01/2022 - 05/2010)
3.	Lahoutte, Tony: 28 articles (01/2022 - 05/2008)
4.	De Baetselier, Patrick: 19 articles (01/2018 - 03/2002)
5.	Raes, Geert: 18 articles (11/2021 - 05/2010)
6.	Oliveira, Sabrina: 16 articles (01/2022 - 12/2013)
7.	Caveliers, Vicky: 15 articles (02/2022 - 05/2008)
8.	Behdani, Mahdi: 14 articles (04/2022 - 02/2012)
9.	D'Huyvetter, Matthias: 13 articles (02/2022 - 03/2012)
10.	Keyaerts, Marleen: 12 articles (01/2022 - 05/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2021 - "CD44 nanobodies constitute a potent therapeutic agent that can block CD44/HA interaction in cancer and inflammatory diseases. " 01/01/2021 - "The in vivo study revealed that a significant reduction in tumor size occurred when treated with nanobodies Nb4 and Nb5, after 14 days monitoring. " 12/01/2019 - "Recent studies have shown rapid accumulation of nanobodies (NBs) in tumors and fast clearance of the unbound fraction, making NBs exceptional tracers for cancer imaging. " 10/01/2005 - "The isolated M12-V(H) domain was found soluble up to 0.35 mM. This result would be helpful in structure based designing of an isolated human single domain antibody fragments for biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications such as cancer." 01/01/2023 - "Nanobodies have been utilized in a variety of studies on viruses and cancer. "
2.	COVID-19 12/07/2021 - "Structural mapping and functional assays show that indeed these highly stable monovalent nanobodies potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, display numerous neutralization mechanisms, are effective against emerging variants of concern, and are resistant to mutational escape. " 04/21/2022 - "The rapid response to the COVID-19 crisis, producing information regarding not just receptor affinities, but also strain-dependent efficacy of neutralizing nanobodies, demonstrates just how viable and integral to the pre-clinical development of information AFM techniques are in this era of medicine." 10/01/2023 - "Nanobodies with cross-neutralizing activity provide prominent therapeutic efficacy in mild and severe COVID-19 rodent models." 02/01/2021 - "Due to their distinctive characteristics, nanobodies can be of great use in the development of promising treatment or preventive strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection. " 10/01/2021 - "Arabella Gray discusses a novel treatment to tackle Covid-19, using nanobodies produced by llamas."
3.	Infections 12/01/2006 - "VHH fragments expressed by lactobacilli conferred a significant reduction in infection in cell cultures. " 10/25/2023 - "The nanobodies also reduce infection of primary human bronchial cells by an authentic HKU1 virus. " 10/25/2023 - "Newly designed anti-TMPRSS2 nanobodies potently inhibit HKU1 spike attachment to TMPRSS2, fusion and pseudovirus infection. " 06/29/2023 - "Biofilm surface-binding nanobodies could be eventually used as homing agents to deliver biofilm-targeting treatments to the sites of persistent biofilm infection. " 01/01/2023 - "Two pan-SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies and their multivalent derivatives effectively prevent Omicron infections in mice."
4.	Human Influenza (Influenza) 04/15/2011 - "Because Nanobodies are small, stable, and simple to produce, they are a promising, novel therapeutic agent against influenza." 01/01/2021 - "In this study we have isolated a panel of nanobodies (Nbs) with broad reactivity across H7 influenza strains, including H7N9 strains between 2013 and 2017. " 01/01/2020 - "Cross-subtype neutralizing single domain antibodies against influenza present new opportunities for immunoprophylaxis and pandemic preparedness. " 05/01/2016 - "Specific determination of influenza H7N2 virus based on biotinylated single-domain antibody from a phage-displayed library." 01/01/2016 - "Therefore, during an epidemic, it is important to have passive immunization agents to prevent and treat influenza, which can be monoclonal or single-domain antibodies with universal specificity (broad-spectrum agents). "
5.	Pancreatic Neoplasms (Pancreatic Cancer) 04/08/2021 - "These results suggested that combined use of anti-HIF-1α nanobodies with first-line treatment may in the future be an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer." 03/01/2014 - "We tested a single domain antibody (sdAb) targeting CEACAM6, 2A3, which was isolated previously from a llama immune library, and an Fc conjugated version of this sdAb, to determine how they affect the pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC3. " 05/01/2011 - "Successful targeted imaging of BxPC3 human pancreatic cancer cells is feasible with near-IR CdTeSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) functionalized with single-domain antibody (sdAb) 2A3. " 05/01/2011 - "Single-domain antibody bioconjugated near-IR quantum dots for targeted cellular imaging of pancreatic cancer." 07/10/2012 - "All the data supported that the heavy chain antibody 2A3-mFc is superior to the single domain antibody and the full-length antibody with regard to tumor detection and pharmacokinetics, which has great potential to be developed for CEACAM6-targeted pancreatic cancer imaging and therapy."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Antibodies
2.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
3.	Antigens
4.	ErbB Receptors (EGF Receptor)
5.	Epitopes
6.	Albumins
7.	Monoclonal Antibodies
8.	Immunoglobulin Fragments
9.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)
10.	Immunotoxins (Immunotoxin)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Intravenous Injections
3.	Quantum Dots (Quantum Dot)
4.	Immunotherapy
5.	Precision Medicine