Forty-eight cases of deep
mycoses were studied and treated with
ketoconazole, each with in vitro evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the causative fungi, in vivo pharmacokinetic, clinical, and mycologic evaluations, several months to two years after the treatment was stopped. Excellent results were obtained in six cases of
chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, with restoration of immunologic disturbances; 23 cases of
systemic candidiasis, including new aspects of
heroin addicts with cutaneous, ocular, or osteoarticular manifestations; eight cases of
histoplasmosis, five due to Histoplasma capsulatum and three to Histoplasma duboisii, with cure in seven and remission in one; one case of African
blastomycosis (Blastomyces dermatitidis); three cases of
mycetoma, two due to Monosporium apiospermum, one due to a dematiacious fungus; three cases of
entomophthoromycosis with cure; one case of fungal
arthritis, due to new hyphomycete similar to M. apiospermum, pathogenic for laboratory animals; one case of Drechslera longirostrata causing vertebral
arthritis, following a fungal
endocarditis and cured by combination of
ketoconazole with
amphotericin B, each agent alone being ineffective; and other deep
mycoses.