Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward Kala-azar in an Endemic District in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Abstract

We undertook a study to assess current knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to kala-azar to advise the national kala-azar elimination program in Bangladesh. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two endemic subdistricts (upazilas): Fulbaria and Trishal. Based on upazila health complex surveillance data, one endemic village was selected randomly from each of these subdistricts. A total of 511 households (HHs) (261 in Fulbaria and 250 in Trishal) were included in the study. An adult from each HH was interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Specifically, data were collected on knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to kala-azar. Of the respondents, 52.64% were illiterate. All study participants had heard approximately kala-azar, and 30.14% of the HHs or neighboring HHs have had at least one kala-azar case. Of the respondents, 68.88% knew that kala-azar is transmitted through sick people, and more than 56.53% of the study participants said that mosquitoes transmitted kala-azar, even though 90.80% were aware of the presence of sand flies. Of the participants, 46.55% were aware that insect vectors laid their eggs in the water. The Upazila Health Complex was the preferable health-care facility for 88.14% of the villagers. In addition, 62.03% used bed nets for preventing sand fly bites and 96.48% of the families had mosquito nets. Based on these observations, the national program should strengthen its current community engagement activities to increase the knowledge of kala-azar in endemic communities.

• Authors: Shyla Faria, Sarder Mahmud Hossain, Md Sahidul Islam, Vashkar Chowdhury, Rajib Chowdhury
• Journal: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene (Am J Trop Med Hyg) Vol. 108 Issue 4 Pg. 783-790 (04 05 2023) ISSN: 1476-1645 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 36878211 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Topics

• Animals
• Leishmaniasis, Visceral (epidemiology)
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Bangladesh (epidemiology)
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Family Characteristics
• India (epidemiology)