Urine Xanthine Crystals in Hematologic Malignancies with Tumor Lysis Syndrome.

Abstract

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a metabolic disorder caused by massive tumor lysis. Hypouricemic agents are administered to prevent TLS-related hyperuricemia and renal failure. We experienced three cases of urine xanthine crystals during TLS in patients with hematologic malignancies who received prophylactic febuxostat. Yellowish and pinkish deposits were observed in urinary tract catheters and urinary bags. Urine microscopy revealed that the deposits were xanthine crystals. In rapid tumor lysis, inhibition of xanthine oxidase can cause xanthine accumulation and urine xanthine crystallization. During TLS, urine xanthine crystals may be overlooked, so careful observation and management are required to avoid xanthine nephropathy.

• Authors: Shoko Ito, Shin-Ichiro Fujiwara, Tomoaki Yoshizawa, Kaori Hayatsu, Kaoru Sekiguchi, Rui Murahashi, Hirotomo Nakashima, Sae Matsuoka, Takashi Ikeda, Yumiko Toda, Shinichiro Kawaguchi, Takashi Nagayama, Kento Umino, Daisuke Minakata, Hirofumi Nakano, Kaoru Morita, Ryoko Yamasaki, Masahiro Ashizawa, Chihiro Yamamoto, Kaoru Hatano, Kazuya Sato, Ken Ohmine, Yoshinobu Kanda
• Journal: Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) (Intern Med) Vol. 61 Issue 21 Pg. 3271-3275 (Nov 01 2022) ISSN: 1349-7235 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 35370238 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Xanthine
• Allopurinol

Topics

• Humans
• Tumor Lysis Syndrome (etiology)
• Xanthine
• Allopurinol (therapeutic use)
• Microscopy
• Urinalysis
• Hematologic Neoplasms (complications)
• Nephrolithiasis
• Neoplasms (complications)