Photo-sonodynamic combination activity of cationic morpholino-phthalocyanines conjugated to nitrogen and nitrogen-sulfur doped graphene quantum dots against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line in vitro.

Abstract

In this work, we explore the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation abilities of cationic morpholino-substituted-phthalocyanine (Pc) conjugated to nitrogen (NGQDs) and nitrogen-sulfur (NSGQDs) doped-graphene quantum dots upon irradiation with light for photodynamic therapy (PDT), ultrasound for sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and the combination of both in photo-sonodynamic therapy (PSDT). The in vitro cytotoxicity studies were conducted using the Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 cells). For PDT treatments, only the 1O2 was detected for all the sensitizers, whereas both the 1O2 and •OH radicals were evident after SDT and PSDT treatments. An increase in the 1O2 generation was observed for the conjugates compared to the GQDs and the Pc alone. However, the •OH radicals were reduced in the conjugates compared to the GQDs and the Pc alone. The NGQDs generally showed better ROS generation efficacy compared to the NSGQDs, alone and in the conjugates. The combination therapy also shows improved efficacy compared to the monotherapies for the Pcs and Pc-GQDs conjugates.

• Authors: Lindokuhle Cindy Nene, Tebello Nyokong
• Journal: Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy (Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther) Vol. 36 Pg. 102573 (Dec 2021) ISSN: 1873-1597 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 34628070 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Isoindoles
• Morpholinos
• Photosensitizing Agents
• Sulfur
• Graphite
• Nitrogen
• phthalocyanine

Topics

• Breast Neoplasms (drug therapy)
• Female
• Graphite
• Humans
• Isoindoles
• MCF-7 Cells
• Morpholinos
• Nitrogen
• Photochemotherapy (methods)
• Photosensitizing Agents (pharmacology)
• Quantum Dots
• Sulfur