Early Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G Response May Be Associated with Disease Severity in Patients with COVID-19.

Abstract

Most coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases are mild or asymptomatic, and a substantial minority of patients have severe or critical diseases. There are several reports on the potential risk factors of severe disease, but few reports have reported a relationship between antibody titer and severity in Japan. Antibody-dependent enhancement affects disease progression. We evaluated the IgG responses in COVID-19 patients at our tertiary hospital. The IgG index was the measure of interest. We assigned 1.4 as the cutoff value for a positive result based on the specifications by the manufacturer and observed that patients could be categorized into two groups: the early elevation of IgG and late elevation of IgG (IgG elevated in the first 7 days ± 2 days or more than 10 days after symptom onset) groups. The former comprised early IgG responders (n = 7) and the latter comprised late IgG responders (n = 14), and they were compared. The C-reactive protein and D-dimer concentrations were significantly higher in the early IgG responders on admission (HD 0). The respiratory rate was also higher. The lymphocytes were significantly fewer on day 7 of hospitalization (HD 7). These results suggest that early production of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG may be associated with clinical indicators of severity.

• Authors: Tadashi Maeda, Katsuhito Kashiwagi, Sadako Yoshizawa, Takahiro Sato, Kotaro Aoki, Yoshikazu Ishii, Kazuhiro Tateda
• Journal: Japanese journal of infectious diseases (Jpn J Infect Dis) Vol. 74 Issue 6 Pg. 560-562 (Nov 22 2021) ISSN: 1884-2836 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 33642431 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Viral
• Immunoglobulin G

Topics

• Antibodies, Viral (immunology)
• COVID-19 (immunology, pathology)
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin G (immunology)
• Japan
• Severity of Illness Index