Xanthohumol (XN) and four minor hops prenylflavonoids: α,β-dihydroxanthohumol (2HXN),
isoxanthohumol (IXN),
8-prenylnaringenin (8PN), and
6-prenylnaringenin (6PN), were tested for antiproliferative activity towards human
cancer and normal cell lines. Nonprenylated
naringenin (NG) was used as a model compound.
Xanthohumol, α,β-dihydroxanthohumol and
6-prenylnaringenin were the most active compounds.
Xanthohumol exhibited higher antiproliferative activity than
cisplatin (CP) against five
cancer cell lines: ovarian resistant to
cisplatin A2780cis, breast MDA-MB-231 and T-47D, prostate PC-3, and colon HT-29.
Isoxanthohumol was more potent than
cisplatin against
breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and T-47D whereas
6-prenylnaringenin was stronger than
cisplatin against
breast cancer cell line T-47D. It was found that tested
chalcones possessed highly selective antiproliferative activity towards all tested
breast cancer lines compared to the normal breast MCF 10A cell line (the calculated selectivity index ranged from 5 to 10). Low antiproliferative activity of
naringenin indicates the importance of the
prenyl group with respect to antiproliferative activity.