Cancer is one of the most common diseases all over the world; many people suffer from diverse types of
cancer. However, currently there is no exact cure or
therapy developed for
cancer. On the other hand, nanoparticles are defined as microscopic particles that have dimensions less than 100 nm and they are known for their usage in health sciences and medicine, however a few harmful effects on different animal cells. Therefore, researchers began to use nanoparticles for
cancer therapies and to develop new methods for much more effective
therapies. Nanoparticles in
cancer studies are commonly used in
photodynamic therapy (
PDT) and sonodynamic
therapy (SDT) as a sensitising agent, in computed tomography imaging (CT) and
radiation therapy as an enhancement agent, in dual-mode image contrast and enhancement
therapy as an image
contrast agent.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are known as commonly used nanoparticles in medical applications and hence in
cancer studies. They are used in
PDT, SDT and drug delivery systems. As
cancer continues to affect people, new
therapeutics and
therapies will be developed and nanotechnology for this aim will be an important approach for the researchers.