Abstract | AIMS: Although a relatively small proportion of all breast cancer (BC), triple negative (TN) BC is responsible for a relatively large proportion of BC deaths because of its worse clinical outcome. To investigate whether a carbon ion beam alone or in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) has a beneficial effect compared to X-rays, we target triple negative (TN) breast cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). METHODS: Human breast CSCs sorted from MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells were treated with a carbon ion beam or X-ray irradiation alone or in combination with CDDP, and then colony, spheroid and tumor formation assays, RT-PCR Array analysis, and immunofluorescence γH2AX foci assay were performed. RESULTS: The colony, spheroid formation, and tumorigenicity assays confirmed that CD44+/CD24- and ESA+/CD24- cells have CSC properties in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells, respectively. The proportion of CSCs was more enriched after CDDP combination with either X-ray or carbon ion beam, however carbon ion beam combined with CDDP significantly suppressed colony and spheroid formation and more significantly inhibited cell cycle progression (sub-G1 arrest) compared to X-ray combined with CDDP or carbon ion beam alone. RT-PCR Array analysis showed that carbon ion beam combined with CDDP significantly induced apoptosis-related Cytochrome c, almost completely eliminated expression of the CSC markers CD44 and ESA, and significantly inhibited angiogenesis, and metastasis-related HIF1α and CD26 compared to carbon ion beam alone, X-ray alone, or X-ray combined with CDDP. The immunofluorescence assay showed that not only the number but also the size of γH2AX foci in CSCs were larger 24 h after carbon ion beam combined with CDDP compared to those of X-ray alone and X-ray combined with CDDP. CONCLUSIONS:
Carbon ion beam combined with CDDP has superior potential to kill TN breast CSCs with irreparable severe DNA damage and enhanced apoptosis.
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Authors | Sei Sai, Guillaume Vares, Eun Ho Kim, Kumiko Karasawa, Bing Wang, Mitsuru Nenoi, Yoshiya Horimoto, Mitsuhiro Hayashi |
Journal | Molecular cancer
(Mol Cancer)
Vol. 14
Pg. 166
(Sep 04 2015)
ISSN: 1476-4598 [Electronic] England |
PMID | 26338199
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Neoplasm Proteins
- Cisplatin
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Topics |
- Apoptosis
(drug effects, radiation effects)
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
(drug effects, radiation effects)
- Cisplatin
(administration & dosage)
- Combined Modality Therapy
- DNA Damage
(drug effects, radiation effects)
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
(drug effects, radiation effects)
- Heavy Ion Radiotherapy
- Humans
- Neoplasm Proteins
(biosynthesis)
- Neoplastic Stem Cells
(drug effects, radiation effects)
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
(drug therapy, pathology, radiotherapy)
- X-Rays
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