Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy elevates the risks of small for gestational age and low birth weight infants in Chinese population.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women. Nevertheless, the association between maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and the risk of having small for gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight (LBW) infants is uncertain.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and the risk of having SGA and LBW infants in a Chinese population.

DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS:

This was a population-based birth cohort study that recruited 3658 eligible mother-and-singleton-offspring pairs.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by RIA. The rate and relative risk (RR) for SGA and LBW infants were calculated among subjects with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency during pregnancy.

RESULTS:

There was a positive correlation between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and offspring birth weight (r = 0.477; P < .001). Further analysis showed that 4.98% of neonates were LBW infants among the subjects with vitamin D deficiency (RR, 12.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.37, 33.00) and 1.32% among the subjects with vitamin D insufficiency (RR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.07, 9.48). After adjustment for confounders, the RR for LBW infants was 12.31 (95% CI, 4.47, 33.89) among subjects with vitamin D deficiency and 3.15 (95% CI, 1.06, 9.39) among subjects with vitamin D insufficiency. Moreover, 16.01% of neonates were SGA infants among subjects with vitamin D deficiency (RR, 5.72; 95% CI, 3.80, 8.59) and 5.59% among subjects with vitamin D insufficiency (RR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.27, 3.13). After adjustment for confounders, the RR for SGA infants was 6.47 (95% CI, 4.30, 9.75) among subjects with vitamin D deficiency and 2.01 (95% CI, 1.28, 3.16) among subjects with vitamin D insufficiency.

CONCLUSION:

Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy elevates the risk of SGA and LBW infants in a Chinese population.

• Authors: Yuan-Hua Chen, Lin Fu, Jia-Hu Hao, Zhen Yu, Peng Zhu, Hua Wang, Yuan-Yuan Xu, Cheng Zhang, Fang-Biao Tao, De-Xiang Xu
• Journal: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 100 Issue 5 Pg. 1912-9 (May 2015) ISSN: 1945-7197 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25774884 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Vitamin D
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D

Topics

• Adult
• Birth Weight (physiology)
• China
• Cohort Studies
• Female
• Gestational Age
• Humans
• Infant
• Infant, Low Birth Weight
• Infant, Newborn
• Infant, Small for Gestational Age
• Mothers
• Pregnancy
• Risk Factors
• Vitamin D (analogs & derivatives, blood)
• Vitamin D Deficiency (blood, complications)