FLT3 as a therapeutic target in AML: still challenging after all these years.

Abstract

Mutations within the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene on chromosome 13q12 have been detected in up to 35% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and represent one of the most frequently identified genetic alterations in AML. Over the last years, FLT3 has emerged as a promising molecular target in therapy of AML. Here, we review results of clinical trials and of correlative laboratory studies using small molecule FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in AML patients. We also review mechanisms of primary and secondary drug resistance to FLT3-TKI, and from the data currently available we summarize lessons learned from FLT3-TKI monotherapy. Finally, for using FLT3 as a molecular target, we discuss novel strategies to overcome treatment failure and to improve FLT3 inhibitor therapy.

• Authors: Thomas Kindler, Daniel B Lipka, Thomas Fischer
• Journal: Blood (Blood) Vol. 116 Issue 24 Pg. 5089-102 (Dec 09 2010) ISSN: 1528-0020 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20705759 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)

Chemical References

• Protein Kinase Inhibitors
• fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3

Topics

• Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
• Humans
• Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute (drug therapy)
• Protein Kinase Inhibitors (therapeutic use)
• fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (antagonists & inhibitors)