Photodynamic therapy with topical methyl aminolaevulinate for 'difficult-to-treat' basal cell carcinoma.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) may be difficult to treat by conventional means, particularly if the lesions are large or located in the mid-face (H-zone). Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topical methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL) may be a good noninvasive option for these patients.

OBJECTIVES:

To investigate the efficacy and safety of PDT using MAL for BCCs defined as 'difficult to treat', i.e. large lesions, in the H-zone, or in patients at high risk of surgical complications.

METHODS:

This was a prospective, multicentre, noncomparative study. Patients were assessed 3, 12 and 24 months after the last PDT treatment. One hundred and two patients with 'difficult-to-treat' BCC were treated with MAL PDT, using 160 mg g(-1) cream and 75 J cm(-2) red light (570-670 nm), after lesion preparation and 3 h of cream exposure. Results Ninety-five patients with 148 lesions were included in the per protocol analysis. The histologically confirmed lesion complete response rate at 3 months was 89% (131 of 148). At 12 months, 10 lesions had reappeared, and therefore the cumulative treatment failure rate was 18% (27 of 148). At 24 months, an additional nine lesions had reappeared, resulting in a cumulative treatment failure rate of 24% (36 of 148). The estimated sustained lesion complete response rate (assessed using a time-to-event approach) was 90% at 3 months, 84% at 12 months and 78% at 24 months. Overall cosmetic outcome was judged as excellent or good in 79% and 84% of the patients at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Follow-up is continuing for up to 5 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

MAL PDT is an attractive option for 'difficult-to-treat' BCC. Because of the excellent cosmetic results, the treatment is particularly well suited for lesions that would otherwise require extensive surgical procedures.

• Authors: C Vinciullo, T Elliott, D Francis, K Gebauer, L Spelman, R Nguyen, W Weightman, A Sheridan, C Reid, D Czarnecki, D Murrell
• Journal: The British journal of dermatology (Br J Dermatol) Vol. 152 Issue 4 Pg. 765-72 (Apr 2005) ISSN: 0007-0963 [Print] England
• PMID: 15840111 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Photosensitizing Agents
• methyl 5-aminolevulinate
• Aminolevulinic Acid

Topics

• Administration, Topical
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Aminolevulinic Acid (administration & dosage, adverse effects, analogs & derivatives)
• Carcinoma, Basal Cell (drug therapy, pathology)
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Patient Satisfaction
• Photochemotherapy (adverse effects, methods)
• Photosensitizing Agents (administration & dosage, adverse effects)
• Prospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Skin Neoplasms (drug therapy, pathology)
• Time Factors
• Treatment Failure
• Treatment Outcome