Porphyria cutanea tarda: multiplicity of risk factors including HFE mutations, hepatitis C, and inherited uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency.
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| Abstract |
The coexistence of factors considered to contribute to development of porphyria cutanea tarda was studied in 39 consecutive patients. Highly prevalent factors were alcohol intake in 79%, smoking in 86%, hepatitis C virus infection in 74%, estrogen use in 73% of 11 females, and at least one mutation in the HFE (hereditary hemochromatosis) gene in 65%. The C282Y mutation was found in 29%, H63D in 47%, and S65C in 0%. HFE genotypes included C282Y/C282Y in 9%, H63D/H63D in 9%, C282Y/H63D in 12%, C282Y/wild type in 9%, and H63D/wild type in 26%. Less prevalent were HIV infection in 15% (or 25% of those tested, N = 24) and erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency, which distinguishes familial (type 2) from "sporadic" (type 1) porphyria cutanea tarda, in 19%. Multiple contributing factors coexisted in both types 1 and 2, with 92% of all patients having three or more factors. These observations indicate that this porphyria is multifactorial in the individual patient, and therefore is seldom attributable to a single identifiable cause. Profiling for all potentially contributing factors is important for individualizing management.
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| Authors | Norman G Egger, Douglas E Goeger, Deborah A Payne, Emil P Miskovsky, Steven A Weinman, Karl E Anderson |
| Journal | Digestive diseases and sciences (Dig Dis Sci) Vol. 47 Issue 2 Pg. 419-26 (Feb 2002) ISSN: 0163-2116 [Print] United States |
| PMID | 11855561 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.) |
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