Viremia control following antiretroviral treatment and therapeutic immunization during primary SIV251 infection of macaques.

Abstract

Prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not likely to eradicate human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) infection. Here we explore the effect of therapeutic immunization in the context of ART during primary infection using the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV251) macaque model. Vaccination of rhesus macaques with the highly attenuated poxvirus-based NYVAC-SIV vaccine expressing structural genes elicited vigorous virus-specific CD4 + and CD8+ T cell responses in macaques that responded effectively to ART. Following discontinuation of a six-month ART regimen, viral rebound occurred in most animals, but was transient in six of eight vaccinated animals. Viral rebound was also transient in four of seven mock-vaccinated control animals. These data establish the importance of antiretroviral treatment during primary infection and demonstrate that virus-specific immune responses in the infected host can be expanded by therapeutic immunization.

• Authors: Z Hel, D Venzon, M Poudyal, W P Tsai, L Giuliani, R Woodward, C Chougnet, G Shearer, J D Altman, D Watkins, N Bischofberger, A Abimiku, P Markham, J Tartaglia, G Franchini
• Journal: Nature medicine (Nat Med) Vol. 6 Issue 10 Pg. 1140-6 (Oct 2000) ISSN: 1078-8956 [Print] United States
• PMID: 11017146 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Gene Products, gag
• Vaccines, Attenuated
• Vaccines, Synthetic

Topics

• Animals
• Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)
• CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (drug effects, immunology)
• CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (drug effects, immunology)
• Gene Products, gag (genetics)
• Macaca mulatta
• Poxviridae (genetics)
• Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (drug therapy, immunology, virology)
• Vaccination
• Vaccines, Attenuated (pharmacology)
• Vaccines, Synthetic (pharmacology)
• Viremia (drug therapy)