Broccoli seed extract rich in polysaccharides and glucoraphanin ameliorates DSS-induced colitis via intestinal barrier protection and gut microbiota modulation in mice.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Broccoli has received widespread attention because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The present study aimed to explore the composition of broccoli seed extract (BSE) and its effect on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

RESULTS:

BSE mainly comprises glucoraphanin and polysaccharides composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose and mannose. Animal experiments suggested that BSE intervention effectively reversed body weight loss, suppressed the levels of proinflammatory interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, and elevated the levels of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 and the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione in DSS-induced colitis mice. According to histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of colon tissue, BSE intervention may repair the intestinal barrier by upregulating mRNA levels and the expression of tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin and zonula occludens-1). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis demonstrated that cecal short-chain fatty acids in mice with BSE administration were significantly increased compared with the model group. Sulforaphane and sulforaphane-N-acetylcysteine were only detected in BSE group mice by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS analysis. In addition, BSE intervention evidently increased the abundance of Alistipeds, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002 and Bifidobacterium and decreased the abundance of Escheichia-Shinella, Lachnospiraceae others, Parabacteroides, Ruminococcaceae others and Turicibacter, which possibly promoted carbohydrate metabolism and short-chain fatty acid production.

CONCLUSION:

The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of BSE on colitis and found that BSE, as a novel food ingredient, has great potential for the improvement of colitis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

• Authors: Jiaying Wu, Weiling Guo, Shumao Cui, Xin Tang, Qiuxiang Zhang, Wenwei Lu, Yan Jin, Jianxin Zhao, Bingyong Mao, Wei Chen
• Journal: Journal of the science of food and agriculture (J Sci Food Agric) Vol. 103 Issue 4 Pg. 1749-1760 (Mar 15 2023) ISSN: 1097-0010 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 36495024 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Chemical References

• sulforaphane
• glucoraphanin
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Polysaccharides
• Plant Extracts
• Dextran Sulfate

Topics

• Animals
• Mice
• Brassica
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome
• Colitis (chemically induced, drug therapy)
• Colon
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (pharmacology)
• Polysaccharides (metabolism)
• Plant Extracts (metabolism)
• Dextran Sulfate (adverse effects)
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Disease Models, Animal