The predictive value of macaque models of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention.

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:

We review macaque models for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention and highlight their role in advancing currently approved and novel PrEP agents.

RECENT FINDINGS:

The development of the repeat low dose simian HIV (SHIV) challenge models represented a significant advancement in preclinical PrEP modeling that has allowed the investigation of PrEP under conditions that better mimic HIV exposures in humans. These models incorporate relevant drug pharmacology to inform drug correlates of PrEP protection. Models of rectal, vaginal, and penile infection are now available and have been found to predict clinical efficacy of all the currently approved PrEP strategies including daily oral PrEP with the combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or tenofovir alafenamide, and a long-acting formulation of the integrase inhibitor cabotegravir. These models are being used to test new PrEP modalities including the nucleoside reverse transcriptase-translocation inhibitor islatravir and long-acting capsid inhibitors. The SHIV models have also been supplemented by sexually transmitted infection co-infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum or Trichomonas vaginalis to assess the impact of inflammation on PrEP efficacy.

SUMMARY:

Clinical efficacy validated current PrEP macaque models supporting their continued use to advance novel PrEP agents to improve global PrEP coverage.

• Authors: J Gerardo García-Lerma, Janet M McNicholl, Walid Heneine
• Journal: Current opinion in HIV and AIDS (Curr Opin HIV AIDS) Vol. 17 Issue 4 Pg. 179-185 (07 01 2022) ISSN: 1746-6318 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 35762371 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

Chemical References

• Anti-HIV Agents
• Emtricitabine

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use)
• Emtricitabine (therapeutic use)
• Female
• HIV Infections (drug therapy, prevention & control)
• Humans
• Macaca
• Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis