Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may lead to abnormally elevated
blood glucose,
lipid metabolism disorder, and low-grade
inflammation. Besides, the development of T2DM is always accompanied by gut microbiota
dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction. In this study, the T2DM mice model was established by feeding a high-fat/
sucrose diet combined with injecting a low dose of
streptozotocin. Additionally, the effects of
oral administration of
ethanol extract from Sanghuangporous vaninii (SVE) on T2DM and its complications (including
hypoglycemia,
hyperlipidemia,
inflammation, and gut microbiota
dysbiosis) were investigated. The results showed SVE could improve
body weight,
glycolipid metabolism, and
inflammation-related parameters. Besides, SVE intervention effectively ameliorated the diabetes-induced pancreas and jejunum injury. Furthermore, SVE intervention significantly increased the relative abundances of Akkermansia, Dubosiella, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides, and decreased the levels of Lactobacillus, Flavonifractor, Odoribacter, and Desulfovibrio compared to the model group (LDA > 3.0, p < 0.05). Metabolic function prediction of the intestinal microbiota by PICRUSt revealed that glycerolipid metabolism,
insulin signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and
fatty acid degradation were enriched in the diabetic mice treated with SVE. Moreover, the integrative analysis indicated that the key intestinal microbial phylotypes in response to SVE intervention were strongly correlated with
glucose and lipid metabolism-associated biochemical parameters. These findings demonstrated that SVE has the potential to alleviate T2DM and its complications by modulating the gut microbiota imbalance.