A Guanosine-Quadruplex Hydrogel as Cascade Reaction Container Consuming Endogenous Glucose for Infected Wound Treatment-A Study in Diabetic Mice.

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria form a severe complication of diabetes. Antimicrobial-loaded hydrogels are used as a dressing for infected wounds, but the ongoing rise in the number of antimicrobial-resistant infections necessitates new, nonantibiotic based designs. Here, a guanosine-quadruplex (G4 )-hydrogel composed of guanosine, 2-formylphenylboronic acid, and putrescine is designed and used as a cascade-reaction container. The G4 -hydrogel is loaded with glucose-oxidase and hemin. The first cascade-reaction, initiated by glucose-oxidase, transforms glucose and O2  into gluconic acid and H2 O2 . In vitro, this reaction is most influential on killing Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in suspension, but showed limited killing of bacteria in biofilm-modes of growth. The second cascade-reaction, however, transforming H2 O2  into reactive-oxygen-species (ROS), also enhances killing of biofilm bacteria due to hemin penetration into biofilms and interaction with eDNA G-quadruplexes in the biofilm matrix. Therewith, the second cascade-reaction generates ROS close to the target bacteria, facilitating killing despite the short life-time of ROS. Healing of infected wounds in diabetic mice proceeds faster upon coverage by these G4 -hydrogels than by clinically common ciprofloxacin irrigation. Moreover, local glucose concentrations around infected wounds decrease. Concluding, a G4 -hydrogel loaded with glucose-oxidase and hemin is a good candidate for infected wound dressings, particularly in diabetic patients.

• Authors: Yuanfeng Li, Linzhu Su, Yongxin Zhang, Yong Liu, Fan Huang, Yijin Ren, Yingli An, Linqi Shi, Henny C van der Mei, Henk J Busscher
• Journal: Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) (Adv Sci (Weinh)) Vol. 9 Issue 7 Pg. e2103485 (03 2022) ISSN: 2198-3844 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 35064773 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Chemical References

• Hydrogels
• Guanosine
• Glucose

Topics

• Animals
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental
• Glucose
• Guanosine (pharmacology)
• Humans
• Hydrogels
• Mice
• Wound Infection (drug therapy)