Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1).

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad pharmacological potential. Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are the glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion, decrease of gastric emptying, inhibition of food intake, increase of natriuresis and diuresis, and modulation of rodent β-cell proliferation. GLP-1 also has cardio- and neuroprotective effects, decreases inflammation and apoptosis, and has implications for learning and memory, reward behavior, and palatability. Biochemically modified for enhanced potency and sustained action, GLP-1 receptor agonists are successfully in clinical use for the treatment of type-2 diabetes, and several GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies are in clinical evaluation for the treatment of obesity.

SCOPE OF REVIEW:

In this review, we provide a detailed overview on the multifaceted nature of GLP-1 and its pharmacology and discuss its therapeutic implications on various diseases.

MAJOR CONCLUSIONS:

Since its discovery, GLP-1 has emerged as a pleiotropic hormone with a myriad of metabolic functions that go well beyond its classical identification as an incretin hormone. The numerous beneficial effects of GLP-1 render this hormone an interesting candidate for the development of pharmacotherapies to treat obesity, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.

• Authors: T D Müller, B Finan, S R Bloom, D D'Alessio, D J Drucker, P R Flatt, A Fritsche, F Gribble, H J Grill, J F Habener, J J Holst, W Langhans, J J Meier, M A Nauck, D Perez-Tilve, A Pocai, F Reimann, D A Sandoval, T W Schwartz, R J Seeley, K Stemmer, M Tang-Christensen, S C Woods, R D DiMarchi, M H Tschöp
• Journal: Molecular metabolism (Mol Metab) Vol. 30 Pg. 72-130 (12 2019) ISSN: 2212-8778 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 31767182 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Insulin
• Receptors, Glucagon
• Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
• Glucose

Topics

• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (metabolism)
• Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (metabolism)
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (metabolism, pharmacology)
• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor (metabolism)
• Glucose (metabolism)
• Humans
• Hypoglycemic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Insulin (metabolism)
• Insulin Secretion
• Insulin-Secreting Cells (metabolism)
• Obesity (metabolism)
• Receptors, Glucagon (metabolism)