Abstract | BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVES: In a cross-sectional and prospective study, we examined how food neophobia is associated with dietary quality, health-related biomarkers, and disease outcome incidence in Finnish and Estonian adult populations. METHODS: The study was conducted based on subsamples of the Finnish DIetary, Lifestyle, and Genetic determinants of Obesity and Metabolic syndrome (DILGOM) cohort (n = 2982; age range: 25-74 y) and the Estonian Biobank cohort (n = 1109; age range: 18-83 y). The level of food neophobia was assessed using the Food Neophobia Scale, dietary quality was evaluated using the Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS), and biomarker profiles were determined using an NMR metabolomics platform. Disease outcome information was gathered from national health registries. Follow-up data on the NMR-based metabolomic profiles and disease outcomes were available in both populations. RESULTS:
Food neophobia associated significantly (adjusted P < 0.05) with health-related biomarkers [e.g., ω-3 (n-3) fatty acids, citrate, α1-acid glycoprotein, HDL, and MUFA] in the Finnish DILGOM cohort. The significant negative association between the severity of food neophobia and ω-3 fatty acids was replicated in all cross-sectional analyses in the Finnish DILGOM and Estonian Biobank cohorts. Furthermore, food neophobia was associated with reduced dietary quality (BSDS: β: -0.03 ± 0.006; P = 8.04 × 10-5), increased fasting serum insulin (β: 0.004 ± 0.0013; P = 5.83 × 10-3), and increased risk of type 2 diabetes during the ∼8-y follow-up (HR: 1.018 ± 0.007; P = 0.01) in the DILGOM cohort. CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Heikki V Sarin, Nele Taba, Krista Fischer, Tonu Esko, Noora Kanerva, Leena Moilanen, Juha Saltevo, Anni Joensuu, Katja Borodulin, Satu Männistö, Kati Kristiansson, Markus Perola |
Journal | The American journal of clinical nutrition
(Am J Clin Nutr)
Vol. 110
Issue 1
Pg. 233-245
(07 01 2019)
ISSN: 1938-3207 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 31161197
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © American Society for Nutrition 2019. |
Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
- Cohort Studies
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Diet
- Disease Susceptibility
(epidemiology)
- Estonia
(epidemiology)
- Feeding Behavior
(physiology)
- Finland
(epidemiology)
- Food Preferences
(psychology)
- Food Quality
- Humans
- Metabolic Diseases
(epidemiology, genetics)
- Metabolic Syndrome
(epidemiology, genetics)
- Metabolomics
- Middle Aged
- Obesity
(epidemiology, genetics)
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Factors
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