Recent Insights into the Biological Functions of Sestrins in Health and Disease.

Abstract

Sestrins (Sesns) have been identified as a family of highly conserved stress-inducible proteins that are strongly up-regulated by various stresses, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. The Sesns play protective roles in most physiological and pathological conditions mainly through the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we discussed the possible regulators of Sesns expression, such as p53, forkhead box O, nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), NH (2)-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun pathway and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (Hif-1α), and the downstream pathways regulated by the Sesns including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling, Nrf2 signaling, NADPH oxidase signaling and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling in heart diseases, lung diseases, gastrointestinal tract diseases, liver and metabolism diseases, neurological diseases, kidney diseases and immunological diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding the protective effects of Sesns.

• Authors: Menglong Wang, Yao Xu, Jianfang Liu, Jing Ye, Wenhui Yuan, Huimin Jiang, Zhen Wang, Hong Jiang, Jun Wan
• Journal: Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology (Cell Physiol Biochem) Vol. 43 Issue 5 Pg. 1731-1741 ( 2017) ISSN: 1421-9778 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 29050006 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Chemical References

• Forkhead Transcription Factors
• Heat-Shock Proteins
• Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
• NF-E2-Related Factor 2
• Nuclear Proteins
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun
• SESN1 protein, human
• SESN2 protein, human
• SESN3 protein, human
• Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
• TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

Topics

• Animals
• DNA Damage (genetics, physiology)
• Forkhead Transcription Factors (genetics, metabolism)
• Heat-Shock Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Humans
• Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit (genetics, metabolism)
• NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (genetics, metabolism)
• Nuclear Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress (genetics, physiology)
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun (genetics, metabolism)
• Signal Transduction (genetics, physiology)
• TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (genetics, metabolism)
• Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 (genetics, metabolism)