Anoxia (Hypoxia)

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39565 relevant articles (1351 outcomes, 4166 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

Also Known As:

Hypoxia; Hypoxemia; Anoxemia; Deficiency, Oxygen; Anoxemias; Anoxias; Deficiencies, Oxygen; Hypoxemias; Hypoxias; Oxygen Deficiencies; Oxygen Deficiency

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Disease Context: Research Results

Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions

Signs and Symptoms

Respiratory Signs and Symptoms: 1

Anoxia: 39565

Fetal Hypoxia: 288

Related Diseases

1.	Ischemia
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Pulmonary Hypertension (Ayerza Syndrome)
4.	Anoxia (Hypoxia)
5.	Hypercapnia

Experts

1.	Harris, Adrian L: 33 articles (06/2008 - 03/2002)
2.	Delivoria-Papadopoulos, Maria: 27 articles (08/2008 - 01/2002)
3.	Harris, A L: 25 articles (07/2008 - 06/2000)
4.	Mishra, O P: 23 articles (09/2006 - 01/2000)
5.	Semenza, Gregg L: 22 articles (12/2008 - 01/2002)
6.	Mishra, Om P: 22 articles (08/2008 - 01/2002)
7.	Delivoria-Papadopoulos, M: 20 articles (09/2006 - 01/2000)
8.	Gozal, David: 18 articles (07/2008 - 09/2002)
9.	Eltzschig, Holger K: 17 articles (08/2008 - 10/2002)
10.	Ratcliffe, Peter J: 16 articles (06/2008 - 01/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Anoxia:

1.	OxygenIBA 11/01/2009 - "We found that (1) in contrast to oxygen partial pressure in blood (P(a)O(2)), the baseline value of P(t)O(2) in summer euthermic AGS is significantly higher than in rats; (2) both P(t)O(2) and P(a)O(2) are dramatically reduced by inspired 8% O(2) in AGS and rats, but AGS have a greater capacity in P(t)O(2) to cope with environmental hypoxia; (3) metabolic rate before, during, and after hypoxic exposure is consistently lower in AGS than in rats; (4) the respiratory responding patterns to hypoxia in the two species differ in that f(R) decreases in AGS but increases in rats. " 09/13/2004 - "Acute hypoxia reduced the median oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)) dramatically (1 vs 10 mmHg in controls), whereas in chronically hypoxic tumours the pO(2) was significantly improved (median pO(2)=4 mmHg), however not reaching the control level. " 07/04/1977 - "Portacaval transposition and end-to-side shunt led to a striking oxygen deficit of the liver tissue with no incidence of compensation by the hepatic artery; Oxygen supply was improved considerably by a side-to-side shunt and tissue hypoxia could be prevented by a mesenterico-caval shunt and splenocaval shunt. " 01/01/1995 - "Measurement of cardiac output and clinical assessment of the patients' oxygen requirements will complete the macro picture of supply and demand and although computed indicators of hypoxia have been improved in recent years (1, 2) the definitive diagnosis of histohypoxia requires the measurement of the cellular and subcellular products of metabolic processes that are present when an inappropriate concentration of oxygen has been experienced. " 09/24/1983 - "That the fall in oxygen saturation was significantly greater (p less than 0.05) in the obese non-responders suggests that central as well as mechanical factors may be important for the genesis of nocturnal hypoxia and is evidence for a disturbance of central nervous function in some obese women." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)IBA 12/01/1985 - "Decreasing the extracellular Ca to 2.5 microM decreased LDH release significantly during anoxia, suggesting that plasma membrane damage during anoxia may be associated with increased intracellular free Ca. Addition of Mg-adenosine triphosphate during anoxia dramatically improved recovery of all the measured parameters after the anoxic period." 03/01/2006 - "Anoxia triggered a marked decrease of metabolic activity (measured by microcalorimetry) and of ATP levels in both species. " 01/20/1992 - "This enhancement should provide more ATP for energy-requiring ion transport processes, and lead (1) to a delayed onset of complete depolarization of CA1 pyramidal cells during anoxia (anoxic depolarization) and (2) to greater ion transport activity following anoxia. " 11/01/1990 - "Acute hypoxia, which leads to a decrease in cellular ATP levels, was responsible for a marked decrease in myocardial performance, while R1 increased (+66 +/- 8%, P less than 0.05) and R2 decreased (-14 +/- 1%, P less than 0.05). " 06/01/1987 - "After longer periods of hypoxia (PaO2 of 40 mm Hg for 30 minutes) in impact-injured rats, there were marked increases of Pi and significant decreases in signals for PCr and beta-ATP, which caused a marked decrease in the PCr/Pi ratio to 39% below control values (P less than 0.001). " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Glucose (Dextrose)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1983 - "After perfusion with glucose-free Tyrode solution for longer periods (greater than 2 hr), hypoxia and CN- caused a greater decrease in developed tension and a marked decrease in the magnitude of the Ca transient. " 02/01/1968 - "During exposure to anoxia for 30 min, inclusion in the perfusate of the anaerobic substrate, glucose, resulted in marked improvement in electrical and mechanical performance of the heart and in enhanced recovery during the subsequent period of reoxygenation. " 10/01/1990 - "These findings indicate that enhanced utilization of exogenous glucose improved cardiac function during hypoxia without increasing total glycolytic flux or tissue high-energy phosphate levels, suggesting a novel cardioprotective mechanism." 11/01/1984 - "During hypoxia with glucose present, tension fell less rapidly than during hypoxia without glucose despite a significantly greater fall in pHo in the former case. " 06/01/1987 - "At higher glucose concentrations (22 mM), both 18-mo-old WKY and SHR demonstrated improved tolerance to hypoxia; moreover, the differences between strains were no longer evident. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA 10/17/2006 - "Levels of VEGF and of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha, elevated in the human MECs under hypoxia, were dramatically reduced or even suppressed in the presence of the ITPP-loaded RBCs. " 01/01/2003 - "Vascular endothelial growth factor increases the permeability and this process is very effective in hypoxia, which prevents the rapid autooxidation of the second messenger NO. Many VEGF inhibitors can be used in future for prevention or treatment of hypoxia-induced cerebral oedema. " 12/01/2006 - "Although hypoxia and lipopolysaccharide resulted in significant activation of MSCs, passage 3 MSCs demonstrated significantly greater vascular endothelial growth factor release than passage 5 and 10 MSCs. " 12/15/2000 - "Thus, cell lines with reduced induction of HIF-1alpha or HIF-2alpha showed high basal levels of VEGF and improved survival under hypoxia. " 05/26/2009 - "Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of JNK ameliorates hypoxia-induced retinopathy through interference with VEGF expression." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)FDA Link 01/01/2003 - "A less marked decrease in this vascular reaction in patients with AH who live in high-altitude areas may be due to additional production and/or release of nitric oxide in order to increase the vasodilator reserve in moderate hypoxia. " 12/01/2006 - "Inhaled nitric oxide does not appear to be cost effective when treating hypoxemia in medical patients with high-risk scores and irreversible disease." 05/01/2001 - "As severe hypoxemia, we immediately started inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) that improved significantly pulmonary gas exchange. " 05/01/2007 - "[Nitric oxide is involved in the protective effects of short-term adaptaion to hypoxia in the course of stress-induced disorders in Krushinsky-Molodkina rats]" 10/01/1999 - "Adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia is known to exert multiple protective effects related with nitric oxide (NO). " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Adenosine FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2002 - "This study indicates that following systemic hypoxia, adenosine levels in the NTS increase to a significantly greater extent than in the VLM. " 04/01/1996 - "In summary, 1) Imm hearts are functionally and metabolically more tolerant of hypoxic perfusion, largely because of improved hypoxia-induced coronary vasodilation; 2) endogenous adenosine mediates this beneficial vasodilation, enhancing hypoxic tolerance; and 3) improved vascular sensitivity to adenosine allows for enhanced vasodilatory responses in the face of lower adenosine levels and higher energy state in immature hearts." 12/01/1995 - "Acute fetal hypoxemia in six fetuses to an arterial PO2 of 8.8 +/- 0.8 mmHg and an arterial O2 content (CaO2) of 1.7 +/- 0.2 ml/dl was not associated with significant change in coronary perfusion pressure; yet left ventricular myocardial flow increased to 1,020 +/- 198 ml.min-1 x 100 g-1, a value significantly greater than that seen with adenosine (P < 0.05). " 12/01/1994 - "This leads to improved high energy phosphate concentrations during hypoxia and a reduction in adenosine formation." 02/01/1990 - "As with hypoxia, adenosine decreased the incidence of rapid eye movements by 55% and the incidence of breathing by 77% without significantly affecting the incidence of low-voltage electrocortical activity. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 07/01/2004 - "Inheritance patterns showed potentiation effects of hypoxia on HCVS (i.e., CO(2) potentiation) unique to the B6C3F1/J offspring of B6 and C3 progenitors; i.e., the change in Ve from 3 to 8% CO(2) was significantly greater (P < 0.01) with hypoxia relative to normoxia in F1 mice. " 01/01/2002 - "The duration of the phrenic burst, the interval between bursts and the burst amplitude were not significantly different following equilibration with 21-6%O(2) at 5% CO(2) or with 0-9% CO(2) at 6% O(2), with the exception that the burst amplitude was significantly greater in hypercapnic-hypoxia (9% CO(2) at 6% O(2)). " 09/01/1999 - "RESULTS: After exposure to 6 h of hypoxia, endothelial cells co-incubated with platelets showed significantly greater neutrophil adherence (63.1 +/- 4.0%) and migration (78.2 +/- 6.7%) than endothelial cells alone (adhesion: 44.2 +/- 2.8%, migration: 57.9 +/- 4.9%). " 03/01/1985 - "It was suggested that exogenous Co Q could protect against the decline of cardiac contractions via improved availability of slow APs during decreased perfusion pressure - hypoxia - substrate-free, independently of the cellular high energy phosphate level." 10/01/1989 - "The results indicate that the CO-induced hypoxia model of mice is usable for screening of drug candidates which may be effective for treatment of human ischemic diseases." Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Lactic Acid FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1990 - "These data suggest that, with time, neurons in vitro adapt to severe hypoxia and that alterations in pH, lactate, and bicarbonate by themselves are probably not neurotoxic since the most acidotic cultures exhibited improved survival." 05/01/2009 - "The finding that visual stimulation leads to significantly greater visual cortex lactate responses in panic patients is not predicted by the hypoxia model. " 03/01/1996 - "Whether this would be beneficial in patients with elevated lactate levels, indicating tissue hypoxia, remains to be determined. " 01/01/2009 - "Particular emphasis has been laid on the molecular interpretation of findings such as improved metabolic efficiency of locomotion in chronic hypoxia, origin and significance of an apparent misnomer such as the so-called "lactate paradox", and the physiological meaning of the muscle mitochondrial mass reduction in both altitude natives and acclimatized lowlanders." 12/01/2000 - "Indices of systemic protection included improved acid-base and lactate profile, in the absence of systemic hypoxemia. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Glutamic Acid (Glutamate)FDA Link 04/01/1993 - "Glutamate uptake was relatively well preserved after a short hypoxic insult, while a marked decrease in glutamate uptake was observed after hypoxia of long duration. " 10/01/1991 - "The accumulation of glutamate in the external medium during anoxia was Ca2+ independent and insensitive to a significant reduction of the Ca(2+)-dependent release of the amino acid. " 05/01/2008 - "The present study not only brings to light the effect of longer duration of exposure to hypobaric hypoxia on the memory functions, but also indicates the pivotal role played by glutamate in mediating excitotoxic neuronal degeneration at high altitude. " 05/01/2008 - "The present study aims at exploring the nature of memory impairment occurring on chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia and the possible role of glutamate in mediating it. " 04/01/2008 - "This study also indicates the appropriate period for drug administration during exposure to hypobaric hypoxia and establishes ionotropic receptors of glutamate as potential therapeutic targets for ameliorating high-altitude-induced cognitive dysfunction." Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	CalciumIBA 06/01/2005 - "However, it is important that these findings be extended into contractile models of hypoxia/reoxygenation injury to further test the notion that pmKATP channel activation affords protection against contractile dysfunction and calcium overload. " 04/18/2003 - "The SM-induced reduction of changes in contraction and intracellular calcium induced by anoxia/reoxygenation indicates that SM may be beneficial for cardiac tissue in recovery of mechanical function and intracellular calcium homeostasis." 06/01/1997 - "It was observed that a significant reduction of intracellular calcium from 99 to 69 nmol/L during 2 h of hypoxia, which was further decreased in Ca(2+)-free HBSS medium. " 05/01/2004 - "Protection against hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier disruption: changes in intracellular calcium." 01/01/1998 - "Reductions of extracellular calcium concentration from 1.6 to 0.8 mM eliminated all age-dependent differences in relaxation responses to hypoxia. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 04/01/2005 - "Hypoxia-mediated cancer gene therapy strategies may represent a promising mean to significantly improve the efficacy of standard radiation therapy and chemotherapy approaches." 06/01/2001 - "These factors pose considerable challenges for the development of a successful hypoxia-directed gene therapy, but once this has been achieved, this type of therapy in combination with traditional radiation and chemotherapy should provide an improved clinical outcome for patients with these diseases." 04/01/2001 - "Hypoxia is known to directly or indirectly (e.g., via cell cycle effects) affect the therapeutic efficacy of sparsely ionizing radiation and some forms of chemotherapy. " 12/01/2007 - "This review have summarized the anti-angiogenic mechanism of metronomic chemotherapy combined radiotherapy and the preliminary applications in clinic and proposed that the combination of radiotherapy and metronomic chemotherapy can overcome the hypoxia-related radioresistance and increase the efficacy of radiotherapy." 10/01/2008 - "Clinical studies have shown that the presence and extent of hypoxia in a tumour cannot be predicted by size or histopathological stage but it is predictive of a poor outcome following radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Positive-Pressure Respiration (PEEP) 11/01/2003 - "CONCLUSIONS: The use of PEEP improved oxygenation such that one-half of patients after 6 h, and most after 24 h did not fulfill AECC hypoxemia criteria of ARDS. " 01/01/1975 - "Group III had least hypoxia which rapidly and markedly improved with PEEP. " 10/20/2009 - "High PEEP may help to prevent life-threatening hypoxemia in selected patients." 06/01/2003 - "Their age, sex, APACHE II score, PaO2/FiO2, Qs/Qt, use of artificial ventilation and its duration, level of PEEP, and the extent of relief from hypoxemia showed no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). " 07/01/1990 - "In this review, we make the following major points: (1) Canine experiments indicate that in an experimental model of ARDS, cyclic NPV plus NEEP is as effective as cyclic PPV plus PEEP in treating arterial hypoxemia. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Artificial Respiration (Mechanical Ventilation) 05/15/2005 - "Hypoxia was relieved by BiPAP (Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure) or mechanical ventilation if necessary. " 02/01/2004 - "Hypoxia was improved gradually and on ICU day 7, she was weaned from mechanical ventilation, and extubated. " 01/01/1987 - "A second child, transplanted in remission of null-cell ALL, developed severe hypoxia and hypercarbia on day +11 but recovered fully following prolonged mechanical ventilation. " 05/01/1980 - "The hypoxia was relieved rapidly when mechanical ventilation was withdrawn." 09/01/2008 - "The objective of this study was the assessment of heart-rate (HR) dynamics with linear and nonlinear methods during episodes of mechanical ventilation and acute anoxia in rats. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Resuscitation 09/01/2009 - "CONCLUSIONS: Post-resuscitation administration of NAC improved cardiac function and reduced oxidative stress in newborn pigs with hypoxia-reoxygenation insult. " 01/01/2009 - "OBJECTIVES: Using a swine model of neonatal hypoxia-reoxygenation, we examined whether administration of NAC after resuscitation improved intestinal perfusion and reduced intestinal damage. " 01/01/2008 - "OBJECTIVES: To design a neonatal rat model of resuscitation that mimics birth hypoxia and allows the study of the effects of resuscitation on outcome. " 12/01/2006 - "Breathing 100% O(2) may worsen neurological outcome after experimental CA. This study tested the hypothesis that graded reoxygenation, with oximetry guidance, can safely reduce FiO(2) after resuscitation, avoiding hypoxia while promoting neurological recovery. " 07/01/1998 - "CONCLUSION: Although the pattern of ventilatory support in current use often leads to successful resuscitation of asphyxiated babies at birth, more physiological and randomised controlled studies are needed to refine techniques in order to limit babies' exposure to potentially damaging hypoxia to the minimum." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) 06/01/1995 - "It is concluded that hypoxemia in CDH can be treated successfully with NO inhalation when conventional treatment fails, and it may in some cases prove to be an alternative to ECMO." 11/01/1997 - "Both interventions reversed hypoxemia, but ECMO did so to a greater degree, and only ECMO improved hypercarbia. " 12/01/1992 - "Rescue therapy with continuous negative pressure is effective in infants with refractory hypoxemia and may be considered before referral for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation." 04/01/1999 - "Therefore, it is expected that the increased cardiac function may improved, and that the survival rate of the patients with retarded cardiac function due to severe hypoxemia may increase by proximal placement of the arterial cannula during V-A ECMO." 06/01/1990 - "2. In group 2 hypoxia and hypercapnea were improved by pumpless ECMO, and 4 in 9 lived for 24 hours. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

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