The aim of the present study was to investigate
protein kinase C ζ type (PKCζ),
matrix metalloproteinase (
MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9 expression in
lung adenocarcinoma and to define their association with in vitro invasion and metastatic capacity. PKCζ, MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 110 cases of
lung adenocarcinoma. PKCζ small interfering (si)
RNA was transfected into A549 cells, and western blotting was used to confirm PKCζ‑knockdown in transfected cells and to measure MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 levels. A Transwell invasion assay was used to detect in vitro invasive capacity. The rates of positive PKCζ, MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 staining in
lung adenocarcinoma tissues were 52.73, 55.45 and 61.82%, respectively. PKCζ expression was increased in malignant tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues and was associated with
lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), although it was not associated with any other clinicopathological parameters, including sex, age,
tumor size, smoking status or distant
metastases (all P>0.05). PKCζ, MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 expression was markedly decreased in siPKCζ‑treated A549 cells, which exhibited a significantly decreased invasive capacity in the Transwell invasion assay (P<0.05). In conclusion, PKCζ promoted
lung adenocarcinoma invasion and
metastasis, and its expression was associated with MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 expression. PKCζ may be a potential target for gene therapy in
lung adenocarcinoma.