Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer chemoprevention: A role for nicotinamide?

Abstract

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes DNA damage in melanocytes by producing photolesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine. The production of reactive oxygen species by UVR also induces inflammatory cytokines that, together with the inherent immunosuppressive properties of UVR, propagate carcinogenesis. Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3 ) enhances DNA repair, modulates the inflammatory environment produced by UVR, and reduces UV-induced immunosuppression. As nicotinamide reduces the incidence of actinic keratoses and nonmelanoma skin cancers in high-risk individuals and enhances repair of DNA damage in melanocytes, it is a promising agent for the chemoprevention of melanoma in high-risk populations.

• Authors: Rashi Minocha, Diona L Damian, Gary M Halliday
• Journal: Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine (Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed) Vol. 34 Issue 1 Pg. 5-12 (Jan 2018) ISSN: 1600-0781 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 28681504 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Chemical References

• Vitamin B Complex
• Niacinamide

Topics

• Animals
• Carcinoma, Basal Cell (prevention & control)
• Carcinoma, Squamous Cell (prevention & control)
• DNA Repair (drug effects)
• Humans
• Immunomodulation (drug effects)
• Melanoma (prevention & control)
• Niacinamide (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Skin Neoplasms (prevention & control)
• Vitamin B Complex (pharmacology, therapeutic use)