Vitamin D and chronic diseases: the current state of the art.

Abstract

The objective was to provide the current state of the art regarding the role of vitamin D in chronic diseases (osteoporosis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, dementia, autism, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, male and female fertility). The document was drawn up by panelists that provided their contribution according to their own scientific expertise. Each scientific expert supplied a first draft manuscript on a specific aspect of the document's topic that was subjected to voting by all experts as "yes" (agreement with the content and/or wording) or "no" (disagreement). The adopted rule was that statements supported by ≥75 % of votes would be immediately accepted, while those with <25 % would be rejected outright. Others would be subjected to further discussion and subsequent voting, where ≥67 % support or, in an eventual third round, a majority of ≥50 % would be needed. This document finds that the current evidence support a role for vitamin D in bone health but not in other health conditions. However, subjects with vitamin D deficiency have been found to be at high risk of developing chronic diseases. Therefore, although at the present time there is not sufficient evidence to recommend vitamin D supplementation as treatment of chronic diseases, the treatment of vitamin D deficiency should be desiderable in order to reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases.

• Authors: Giovanna Muscogiuri, Barbara Altieri, Cedric Annweiler, Giancarlo Balercia, H B Pal, Barbara J Boucher, John J Cannell, Carlo Foresta, Martin R Grübler, Kalliopi Kotsa, Luca Mascitelli, Winfried März, Francesco Orio, Stefan Pilz, Giacomo Tirabassi, Annamaria Colao
• Journal: Archives of toxicology (Arch Toxicol) Vol. 91 Issue 1 Pg. 97-107 (Jan 2017) ISSN: 1432-0738 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 27425218 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Vitamin D

Topics

• Animals
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Dementia (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Evidence-Based Medicine
• Female
• Humans
• Infertility, Female (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Infertility, Male (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Male
• Neoplasms (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Osteoporosis (epidemiology, etiology, prevention & control)
• Practice Guidelines as Topic
• Risk
• Vitamin D (therapeutic use)
• Vitamin D Deficiency (diet therapy, physiopathology)