Anti-inflammatory activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Lavandula dentata L. and Lavandula stoechas L.

Abstract

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:

Plants from genus Lavandula have been used as anti-inflammatory drugs in Mediterranean traditional medicine. Nowadays, there is a growing interest for complementary medicine, including herbal remedies, to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

AIM OF THE STUDY:

To test the anti-inflammatory properties of Lavandula dentata and Lavandula stoechas extracts in two inflammatory experimental models: TNBS model of rat colitis and the carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, in order to mimic the intestinal conditions and the extra-intestinal manifestations of human IBD, respectively.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The extracts were characterized through the qualitative HPLC analysis. Then, they were assayed in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies were performed in BMDMs and CMT-93 epithelial cells with different concentrations of the extracts (ranging from 0.1 to 100µg/ml). The extracts were tested in vivo in the TNBS model of rat colitis (10 and 25mg/kg) and in the carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice (10, 25 and 100mg/kg).

RESULTS:

L. dentata and L. stoechas extracts displayed immunomodulatory properties in vitro down-regulating different mediators of inflammation like cytokines and nitric oxide. They also showed anti-inflammatory effects in the TNBS model of colitis as evidenced by reduced myeloperoxidase activity and increased total glutathione content, indicating a decrease of neutrophil infiltration and an improvement of the oxidative state. Besides, both extracts modulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and ameliorated the altered epithelial barrier function. They also displayed anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, since a significant reduction of the paw thickness was observed. This was associated with a down-regulation of the expression of different inducible enzymes like MMP-9, iNOS and COX-2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, all involved in the maintenance of the inflammatory condition.

CONCLUSION:

L. dentata and L. stoechas extracts showed intestinal anti-inflammatory effect, confirming their potential use as herbal remedies in gastrointestinal disorders. In addition, their anti-inflammatory effect was also observed in other locations, thus suggesting a possible use for the treatment of the extra-intestinal symptoms of IBD.

• Authors: Francesca Algieri, Alba Rodriguez-Nogales, Teresa Vezza, Jose Garrido-Mesa, Natividad Garrido-Mesa, M Pilar Utrilla, M Reyes González-Tejero, Manuel Casares-Porcel, Joaquin Molero-Mesa, Maria Del Mar Contreras, Antonio Segura-Carretero, José Pérez-Palacio, Caridad Diaz, Noemí Vergara, Francisca Vicente, M Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas, Julio Galvez
• Journal: Journal of ethnopharmacology (J Ethnopharmacol) Vol. 190 Pg. 142-58 (Aug 22 2016) ISSN: 1872-7573 [Electronic] Ireland
• PMID: 27269390 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Cytokines
• Inflammation Mediators
• Plant Extracts
• Solvents
• Nitric Oxide
• Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
• Carrageenan
• Peroxidase
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
• Nos2 protein, mouse
• Ptgs2 protein, mouse
• Cyclooxygenase 2
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
• Mmp9 protein, mouse
• Glutathione
• Methanol

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Carrageenan
• Cell Line
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
• Chromatography, Reverse-Phase
• Colitis (chemically induced, immunology, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Cyclooxygenase 2 (metabolism)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Down-Regulation
• Edema (chemically induced, immunology, metabolism, prevention & control)
• Female
• Glutathione (metabolism)
• Inflammation Mediators (metabolism)
• Lavandula (chemistry, classification)
• Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (metabolism)
• Methanol (chemistry)
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Neutrophil Infiltration (drug effects)
• Nitric Oxide (metabolism)
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Phytotherapy
• Plant Components, Aerial (chemistry)
• Plant Extracts (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
• Plants, Medicinal
• Rats, Wistar
• Solvents (chemistry)
• Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid