Striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability increases after long-term bariatric surgery-induced weight loss.

Abstract

In several studies reduced striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor (D2/3R) availability was reported in obese subjects compared to lean controls. Whether this is a reversible phenomenon remained uncertain. We previously determined the short-term effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on striatal D2/3R availability (using [(123)I]IBZM SPECT) in 20 morbidly obese women. Striatal D2/3R availability was lower compared to controls at baseline, and remained unaltered after 6 weeks, despite significant weight loss. To determine whether long-term bariatric surgery-induced weight loss normalizes striatal D2/3R binding, we repeated striatal D2/3R binding measurements at least 2 years after RYGB in 14 subjects of the original cohort. In addition, we assessed long-term changes in body composition, eating behavior and fasting plasma levels of leptin, ghrelin, insulin and glucose. Mean body mass index declined from 46±7kg/m(2) to 32±6kg/m(2), which was accompanied by a significant increase in striatal D2/3R availability (p=0.031). Striatal D2/3R availability remained significantly reduced compared to the age-matched controls (BMI 22±2kg/m(2); p=0.01). Changes in striatal D2/3R availability did not correlate with changes in body weight/fat, insulin sensitivity, ghrelin or leptin levels. Scores on eating behavior questionnaires improved and changes in the General Food Craving Questionnaire-State showed a borderline significant correlation with changes in striatal D2/3R availability. These findings show that striatal D2/3R availability increases after long-term bariatric-surgery induced weight loss, suggesting that reduced D2/3R availability in obesity is a reversible phenomenon.

• Authors: Esther M van der Zwaal, Barbara A de Weijer, Elsmarieke M van de Giessen, Ignace Janssen, Frits J Berends, Arnold van de Laar, Mariette T Ackermans, Eric Fliers, Susanne E la Fleur, Jan Booij, Mireille J Serlie
• Journal: European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (Eur Neuropsychopharmacol) Vol. 26 Issue 7 Pg. 1190-200 (07 2016) ISSN: 1873-7862 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 27184782 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Benzamides
• Blood Glucose
• DRD2 protein, human
• DRD3 protein, human
• Ghrelin
• Leptin
• Pyrrolidines
• Radiopharmaceuticals
• Receptors, Dopamine D2
• Receptors, Dopamine D3
• 3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide

Topics

• Adult
• Benzamides
• Blood Glucose
• Body Mass Index
• Corpus Striatum (diagnostic imaging, metabolism)
• Feeding Behavior
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Gastric Bypass
• Ghrelin (blood)
• Humans
• Leptin (blood)
• Obesity, Morbid (diagnostic imaging, metabolism, surgery)
• Pyrrolidines
• Radiopharmaceuticals
• Receptors, Dopamine D2 (metabolism)
• Receptors, Dopamine D3 (metabolism)
• Time Factors
• Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
• Treatment Outcome
• Weight Loss (physiology)