Abstract | BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and hospital admission in infants. An analogous disease occurs in cattle and costs US agriculture a billion dollars a year. RSV causes much of its morbidity indirectly via adverse effects of the host response to the virus. RSV is accompanied by elevated prostaglandin E2 ( PGE2) which is followed by neutrophil led inflammation in the lung. Ibuprofen is a prototypical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that decreases PGE2 levels by inhibiting cyclooxygenase. HYPOTHESES: We hypothesized that treatment of RSV with ibuprofen would decrease PGE2 levels, modulate the immune response, decrease clinical illness, and decrease the histopathological lung changes in a bovine model of RSV. We further hypothesized that viral replication would be unaffected. METHODS: We performed a randomized placebo controlled trial of ibuprofen in 16 outbred Holstein calves that we infected with RSV. We measured clinical scores, cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and endocannabinoid products in plasma and mediastinal lymph nodes and interleukin (Il)-4, Il-13, Il-17 and interferon-γ in mediastinal lymph nodes. RSV shedding was measured daily and nasal Il-6, Il-8 and Il-17 every other day. The calves were necropsied on Day 10 post inoculation and histology performed. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS:
Ibuprofen decreased PGE2, modulated the immune response, and improved clinical outcomes. However lung histopathology was not affected and viral shedding was increased.
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Authors | Paul Walsh, Nicole Behrens, Francisco R Carvallo Chaigneau, Heather McEligot, Karan Agrawal, John W Newman, Mark Anderson, Laurel J Gershwin |
Journal | PloS one
(PLoS One)
Vol. 11
Issue 4
Pg. e0152913
( 2016)
ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 27073858
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
- Cytokines
- Ibuprofen
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Topics |
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
(therapeutic use)
- Cattle
- Cattle Diseases
(drug therapy, pathology, virology)
- Cytokines
(metabolism)
- Disease Models, Animal
- Ibuprofen
(therapeutic use)
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Lung
(drug effects, pathology, virology)
- Male
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
(drug therapy, pathology, virology)
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine
(drug effects)
- Viral Load
(drug effects)
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