New Pharmacological Approaches to the Prevention of Myocardial Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Early reperfusion of the blocked vessel is critical to restore the blood flow to the ischemic myocardium to salvage myocardial tissue and improve clinical outcome. This reperfusion strategy after a period of ischemia, however, may elicit further myocardial damage named myocardial reperfusion injury. The manifestations of reperfusion injury include arrhythmias, myocardial stunning and micro-vascular dysfunction, in addition to significant cardiomyocyte death. It is suggested that an overproduction of reactive oxygen species, intracellular calcium overload and inflammatory cell infiltration are the most important features of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

OBJECTIVE:

In this review, various pharmacological interventions to treat myocardial reperfusion injury including the antioxidant flavonols, hydrogen sulfide, adenosine, opioids, incretin-based therapies and cyclosporin A which targets the mitochondrial permeability transition pore are discussed.

CONCLUSION:

The processes involved in reperfusion injury might provide targets for improved outcomes after myocardial infarction but thus far that aim has not been met in the clinic.

• Authors: Kai Yee Chin, Chengxue Qin, Lauren May, Rebecca H Ritchie, Owen L Woodman
• Journal: Current drug targets (Curr Drug Targets) Vol. 18 Issue 15 Pg. 1689-1711 ( 2017) ISSN: 1873-5592 [Electronic] United Arab Emirates
• PMID: 26424394 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
• Copyright: Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected].

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Cardiotonic Agents
• Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins
• Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Cyclosporine
• Calcium

Topics

• Animals
• Antioxidants (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Calcium (metabolism)
• Cardiotonic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Cyclosporine (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins (drug effects)
• Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
• Myocardial Ischemia (metabolism, prevention & control)
• Myocardial Reperfusion Injury (metabolism, prevention & control)
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)