Immune responses to pertussis antigens in infants and toddlers after immunization with multicomponent acellular pertussis vaccine.

Abstract

Given the resurgence of pertussis despite high rates of vaccination with the diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine, a better understanding of vaccine-induced immune responses to Bordetella pertussis is needed. We investigated the antibody, cell-mediated, and cytokine responses to B. pertussis antigens in children who received the primary vaccination series (at 2, 4, and 6 months) and first booster vaccination (at 15 to 18 months) with 5-component acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine. The majority of subjects demonstrated a 4-fold increase in antibody titer to all four pertussis antigens (pertussis toxin [PT], pertactin [PRN], filamentous hemagglutinin [FHA], and fimbriae [FIM]) following the primary series and booster vaccination. Following the primary vaccine series, the majority of subjects (52 to 67%) mounted a positive T cell proliferative response (stimulation index of ≥ 3) to the PT and PRN antigens, while few subjects (7 to 12%) mounted positive proliferative responses to FHA and FIM. One month after booster vaccination (age 16 to 19 months), our study revealed significant increase in gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production in response to the PT and FIM antigens, a significant increase in IL-2 production with the PT, FHA, and PRN antigens, and a lack of significant interleukin-4 (IL-4) secretion with any of the antigens. While previous reports documented a mixed Th1/Th2 or Th2-skewed response to DTaP vaccine in children, our data suggest that following the first DTaP booster, children aged 16 to 19 months have a cytokine profile consistent with a Th1 response, which is known to be essential for clearance of pertussis infection. To better define aP-induced immune responses following the booster vaccine, further studies are needed to assess cytokine responses pre- and postbooster in DTaP recipients.

• Authors: Olajumoke O Fadugba, Li Wang, Qingxia Chen, Natasha B Halasa
• Journal: Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI (Clin Vaccine Immunol) Vol. 21 Issue 12 Pg. 1613-9 (Dec 2014) ISSN: 1556-679X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 25253666 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Bacterial
• Antigens, Bacterial
• Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines

Topics

• Antibodies, Bacterial (blood)
• Antigens, Bacterial (immunology)
• Bordetella pertussis (immunology)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines (immunology)
• Female
• Humans
• Infant
• Male
• Vaccination
• Whooping Cough (prevention & control)